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Amphilophus citrinellus in Costa Rica
Midas cichlid

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Amphilophus citrinellus   (Günther, 1864)
Family:	Cichlidae (Cichlids) , subfamily: Cichlasomatinae			picture (Amcit_j0.jpg) by Bednarczuk, R
Order:	Perciformes  (perch-likes)
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
FishBase name:	Midas cichlid
Max. size:	24.4 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 36377)
Environment:	benthopelagic
Climate:	tropical; 23 - 33°C; 15°N - 8°N
Global Importance:	fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial
Resilience:	Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Fec=300-1,000)
Distribution:	Central America: Atlantic slope of Nicaragua and Costa Rica (San Juan River drainage, including Lakes Nicaragua, Managua, Masaya and Apoyo).
Diagnosis:	Appears so similar to Amphilophus citrinellus; mostly bright orange to orange-red color as adults; mature males are of larger size, longer fins and with a distinct hump on their heads; aquarists usually refer to the lighter-colored, thin-lipped form as this species.
Biology:	Lives in box-cut canals with rocky vertical sides, crevices used for spawning and protection of the young (Ref. 5723). Found in lakes; uncommon in the rivers but will penetrate the lower river valleys where the water is slow flowing or tranquil (Ref. 7335). Omnivorous, eating mostly aufwuchs, snails and small fishes (Ref. 7335); also feeds on insect larvae, worms and other bottom-dwelling organisms (Ref. 44091). Majority of this fish has normal cryptic coloration (black, gray or brown), matching the substrate for camouflage and survival purposes. About 10 % of this species is xanthomorphic, undergoing a color metamorphosis at varying stages of growth (Ref. 7335). An experimental fish being used for behavioral studies (Ref. 4537)
Threatened:	Not Evaluated, see IUCN Red List  , (Ref. 36508)
Dangerous:	harmless
Coordinator:	Kullander, Sven O.
Main Ref:	Kullander, S.O.. 2003. (Ref. 36377)
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Costa Rica country information
Common names:	Mojarra, Midas cichlid, Mojarra rayada		Ref:  Conkel, D., 1993
Status:	native		Ref:  Conkel, D., 1993
Salinity:	freshwater
Abundance:	occasional (usually not seen)		Ref:  Bussing, W.A., 1998
Uses:	no uses
Comments:	Recorded from the Río San Juan to the Río Matina (Ref. 36880). Also Ref. 1739.
Country Information:	www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/cs.html
Occurrences:	Occurrences    Point map
Main Ref:	Bussing, W.A., 1998
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More information:	Countries FAO areas Occurrences Introductions Ecosystem Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration Predators Ciguatera Fish loss Common names Synonyms Pictures Sounds Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg dev. Larvae Larval dynamics References Growth L-W relationship L-L relationship Length frequencies Recruitment Max. age & size Metabolism Morphology Morphometrics Gill area Brains Vision Collaborators Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Strains Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Diseases Ecotoxicology Processing Speed Swim. type Stamps
	Note: No data are available if label is black .
Tools:	Biogeographic modelling | Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency Wizard | Life-history tool | Point map |
Internet sources:	Alien/Invasive species database | BiOSC Point Data | CISTI | GMAD | Google | GOBASE | GenBank ( genome, nucleotide ) | National databases | PubMed | Scirus | Public aquariums | Tree of Life | Zoological Record FishWatcher | Other web sites |
	Note: use the Back button of your browser to return to FishBase.
	Checked:  Casal, Christine Marie V.	Modified:  Casal, Christine Marie V.	Entered:  Luna, Susan M.

	Ref.:				Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)				(e.g. cephalopods)
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Page created by: Eli, 20.10.03, last modified by Eli, 26.06.07