Country Species Summary

Lota lota (Linnaeus, 1758)
Family:	Lotidae (Hakes and burbots)	picture (Lolot_u0.jpg) by Keeley, E.R.
Order:	Gadiformes (cods)
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
FishBase name:	Burbot
Max. size:	152 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 27547); max. published weight: 34.0 kg (Ref. 27547); max. reported age: 20 years
Environment:	demersal; potamodromous; pH range: 7.5; dH range: 18 ; depth range 1 - 700 m
Climate:	temperate; 4 - 18°C; 78°N - 40°N
Global Importance:	fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental; aquarium: public aquariums
Resilience:	Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.05; tm=2-7; tmax=20)
Distribution:	Circumarctic in freshwater.
Diagnosis:	Dorsal spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 67-96; Anal spines: 0-0; Anal soft rays: 58-79; Vertebrae: 50-67. Distinguished by the long second dorsal fin, at least 6 times as long as the first, and a single barbel on the chin (Ref. 27547). Gill rakers short (Ref. 27547). First dorsal short; second dorsal and anal fins joined to caudal; pectorals short and rounded; caudal rounded (Ref. 27547), with 40 rays (Ref. 2196). Color is yellow, light tan to brown with a pattern of dark brown or black on the body, head and fins (Ref. 1371). Pelvic fins pale, others dark and mottled (Ref. 27547).
Biology:	The only member of the family which lives in freshwater. Crepuscular and nocturnal (Ref. 11941). Inhabit deep lakes and large rivers (Ref. 5723, 10294) with slow-moving current. Seek shelter under rocks, in crevices on the river banks, among roots of trees and dense vegetation (Ref. 30578, 10294). Those in rivers tend to congregate in deep holes throughout the year, except at spawning (Ref. 27547). Movements into shallower water during summer nights are related to feeding (Ref. 1998). Smaller individuals feed on insect larvae, crayfish, mollusks and other invertebrates with a changing preference for fishes in larger individuals (Ref. 1998, 10294). Source of oil. Sold mainly salted. Liver is sold smoked or canned in Europe (Ref. 1998). Processed into fishmeal (Ref. 1998). Because of its nocturnal habits and its slow movements, this fish is not very much appreciated by sport fishermen. Flesh is tasty but a little dry (Ref. 30578)
Threatened:	, (Ref. 36508)
Dangerous:	harmless
Coordinator:
Main Ref:	Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba. 1990. (Ref. 1371)
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Estonia country information
Common names:	luts, Burbot	Ref: Anonymous, 1999
Status:	native	Ref: Ojaveer, E. and E. Pihu, 2003
Salinity:	freshwater, brackish, marine
Importance:	commercial	Ref: Anonymous, 1999
Regulations:	no regulations	Ref:
Uses:	no uses
Comments:	Found in cold fresh water; commercially taken from Lake Peipus (Ref. 33247). Common in the Gulf of Riga and rare in the Gulf of Finlnad (Ref. 52079).
National Checklist:	Estonian checklist - Fish
Country Information:	www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/en.html
Occurrences:	Occurrences Point map
Main Ref:	Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990
National Database:	Estonian Vertebrates
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Modified: Ortañez, Auda Kareen

Entered: Garilao, Cristina V.

CGNET - US

Page created by: Eli, 20.10.03, last modified by Eli, 26.06.07

	Ref.:		Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)		(e.g. cephalopods)
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