Country Species Summary

Coregonus clupeaformis in Germany, Fed. Rep.
Lake whitefish

Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill, 1818)
Family:	Salmonidae (Salmonids) , subfamily: Coregoninae	picture (Coclu_u0.jpg) by Scarola, J.F.
Order:	Salmoniformes (salmons)
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
FishBase name:	Lake whitefish
Max. size:	100.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 9988); max. published weight: 19.0 kg (Ref. 28850); max. reported age: 50 years
Environment:	demersal; anadromous ; depth range 18 - 128 m
Climate:	temperate; 71°N - 40°N
Global Importance:	fisheries: commercial; aquarium: public aquariums
Resilience:	Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.06-0.19; tmax=50)
Distribution:	North America: throughout Alaska and most of Canada south into New England, the Great Lakes basin, and central Minnesota. This species was stocked into high Andean lakes in two countries in southern Latin America (Ref. 1739). Probably conspecific with Coregonus lavaretus (Ref. 7506). Belongs to Coregonus clupeaformis complex (Ref. 27547).
Diagnosis:	Dorsal spines (total): 0-0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11-13; Anal spines: 0-0; Anal soft rays: 10-14; Vertebrae: 55-64. Adipose fin well developed, often larger in males; axillary process present in pelvic fins (Ref. 27547). Dark brown to midnight blue above fading to silver on sides and wide beneath; no parr marks in young (Ref. 27547).
Biology:	Primarily a lake dweller (Ref. 27547). Also found in large rivers and enters brackish water (Ref. 5723). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Appears to be rather sedentary, at least in the Great Lakes (Ref. 27547). Movement in large lakes generally consists of 4 stages: movement from deep to shallow water in the spring; movement back to deep water in the summer as the shoal water warms; migration to shallow-water spawning areas in the fall and early winter; and post-spawning movement back to deeper water (Ref. 27547). Forms separate populations in large lakes (Ref. 27547). Adults feed mainly on aquatic insect larvae, mollusks and amphipods (Ref. 1091, 3849), but also other fishes and fish eggs, including their own (Ref. 1998). Extensive hatchery programs for the propagation have been carried out on the Great Lakes and other areas for years (Ref. 3746, 3849). Valued for its meat as well as for its roe, which is made into an excellent caviar; utilized fresh, smoked, and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved, and baked (Ref. 9988)
Threatened:	Not Evaluated, see IUCN Red List , (Ref. 36508)
Dangerous:	harmless
Coordinator:
Main Ref:	Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman. 1973. (Ref. 1998)
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Germany, Fed. Rep. country information
Common names:	Felchen, Maräne	Ref: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1990
Status:	not established	Ref: Lever, C., 1996
Salinity:	freshwater
Regulations:	no regulations	Ref:
Uses:	no uses
Comments:	Introduction of this species formed part of an attempt to expand coregonid fisheries throughout Europe but was not successful. Species eventually disappeared (Ref. 6375). Also Ref. 1739, 1974, 13364.
Country Information:	www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/gm.html
Occurrences:	Occurrences Point map
Main Ref:	Holcík, J., 1991
National Database:	AGRDEU
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Entered: Casal, Christine Marie V.

CGNET - US

Page created by: Eli, 20.10.03, last modified by Eli, 26.06.07

	Ref.:		Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)		(e.g. cephalopods)
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