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Butis butis in Madagascar
Duckbill sleeper

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Butis butis   (Hamilton, 1822)
Family:	Eleotridae (Sleepers) , subfamily: Butinae			picture (Bubut_u1.jpg) by Hippocampus-Bildarchiv
Order:	Perciformes  (perch-likes)
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
FishBase name:	Duckbill sleeper
Max. size:	15.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 6802)
Environment:	demersal; amphidromous; pH range: 7 - 8; dH range: 9 - 19
Climate:	tropical; 22 - 28°C
Global Importance:	fisheries: minor commercial
Resilience:	High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)
Distribution:	Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to Fiji (Ref. 6820).
Diagnosis:	Dorsal spines (total): 7-7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8-8; Anal spines: 1-1; Anal soft rays: 8-9. Dark longitudinal lines on body; caudal fin black with light margin dorsally; pectoral base with 1-2 black spots (Ref. 5493).
Biology:	Inhabits brackish mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams, usually on mud bottoms (Ref. 44894). Usually found in lagoons and estuaries, particularly where there is vegetation (Ref. 6028, 79840). Occurs frequently in mangrove swamps (Ref. 2847, 79840). Occasionally ascends rivers (Ref. 6028). Feeds mainly on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 6028, 79840). Marketed fresh (Ref. 12693)
Threatened:	, (Ref. 36508)
Dangerous:	harmless
Coordinator:
Main Ref:	Hoese, D.F.. 1986. (Ref. 5493)
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Madagascar country information
Common names:	Butis à épaulette noire		Ref:  Keith, P., G. Marquet, P. Valade, P. Bosc and E. Vigneux, 2006
Status:	native		Ref:  Stiassny, M.L.J. and N. Raminosoa, 1994
Salinity:	freshwater, brackish, marine
Regulations:	no regulations		Ref:
Uses:	no uses
Comments:	Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 13333.
Country Information:	www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ma.html
Occurrences:	Occurrences    Point map
Main Ref:	Reinthal, P.N. and M.L.J. Stiassny, 1997
Update

More information:	Countries FAO areas Occurrences Introductions Ecosystem Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration Predators Ciguatera Fish loss Common names Synonyms Pictures Sounds Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg dev. Larvae Larval dynamics References Growth L-W relationship L-L relationship Length frequencies Recruitment Max. age & size Metabolism Morphology Morphometrics Gill area Brains Vision Collaborators Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Strains Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Diseases Ecotoxicology Processing Speed Swim. type Stamps
	Note: No data are available if label is black .
Tools:	Biogeographic modelling | Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Identification keys | Length-frequency Wizard | Life-history tool | Point map |
Internet sources:	BiOSC Point Data | CISTI | Google | GOBASE | GenBank ( genome, nucleotide ) | PubMed | Scirus | Tree of Life | Zoological Record Other web sites |
	Note: use the Back button of your browser to return to FishBase.
	Modified:  Torres, Armi G.	Entered:  Casal, Christine Marie V.

	Ref.:				Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)				(e.g. cephalopods)
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Page created by: Eli, 20.10.03, last modified by Eli, 26.06.07