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Apistogramma borellii in Paraguay
Umbrella cichlid

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Apistogramma borellii   (Regan, 1906)
Family:	Cichlidae (Cichlids) , subfamily: Geophaginae			picture (Apbor_f0.jpg) by Antonutti, M.
Order:	Perciformes  (perch-likes)
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
FishBase name:	Umbrella cichlid
Max. size:	3.9 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 36377)
Environment:	benthopelagic; pH range: 6 - 8; dH range: 5 - 19
Climate:	subtropical; 24 - 25°C
Global Importance:	fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial
Resilience:	Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec=50-70)
Distribution:	South America: Paraguay River basin and along the lower Paraná River in Argentina
Biology:	Feeds on worms, crustaceans and insects (Ref. 7020). Aquarium keeping: in pairs; minimum aquarium size 60 cm (Ref. 51539). Eggs are deposited on the ceiling of caves and are tendered by the female parent (Ref. 1672)
Threatened:	Not Evaluated, see IUCN Red List  , (Ref. 36508)
Dangerous:	harmless
Coordinator:	Kullander, Sven O.
Main Ref:	Kullander, S.O.. 2003. (Ref. 36377)
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Paraguay country information
Common names:	[ No common name ]		Ref:
Status:	native		Ref:  Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991
Salinity:	freshwater
Uses:	no uses
Comments:	Known from Paraguay River basin (Ref. 36377). Also Ref. 4537.
Country Information:	www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/pa.html
Occurrences:	Occurrences    Point map
Main Ref:	Kullander, S.O., 2003
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More information:	Countries FAO areas Occurrences Introductions Ecosystem Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration Predators Ciguatera Fish loss Common names Synonyms Pictures Sounds Reproduction Maturity Spawning Eggs Egg dev. Larvae Larval dynamics References Growth L-W relationship L-L relationship Length frequencies Recruitment Max. age & size Metabolism Morphology Morphometrics Gill area Brains Vision Collaborators Genetics Allele frequencies Heritability Strains Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Diseases Ecotoxicology Processing Speed Swim. type Stamps
	Note: No data are available if label is black .
Tools:	Biogeographic modelling | Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Length-frequency Wizard | Life-history tool | Point map |
Internet sources:	BiOSC Point Data | CISTI | Google | GOBASE | GenBank ( genome, nucleotide ) | PubMed | Scirus | Tree of Life |   Neodat | Zoological Record Other web sites |
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	Modified:  Torres, Armi G.	Entered:  Torres, Armi G.

	Ref.:				Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)				(e.g. cephalopods)
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Page created by: Eli, 20.10.03, last modified by Eli, 26.06.07