Country Species Summary

Amatitlania nigrofasciata in USA (contiguous states)
Convict cichlid

Amatitlania nigrofasciata (Günther, 1867)
Family:	Cichlidae (Cichlids) , subfamily: Cichlasomatinae	picture (Arnig_uh.jpg) by JJPhoto
Order:	Perciformes (perch-likes)
Class:	Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
FishBase name:	Convict cichlid
Max. size:	10.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 36377)
Environment:	benthopelagic; pH range: 7 - 8; dH range: 9 - 20
Climate:	tropical; 20 - 36°C; 15°N - 8°N
Global Importance:	fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: highly commercial
Resilience:	High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (tm<1 and multiple spawning events per year; Fec=100-150)
Distribution:	Central America: Pacific slope, from Río Sucio, El Salvador to Río Suchiate, Guatemala; Atlantic slope, from Río Patuca, Honduras to Río Jutiapa, Guatemala. Not in slope to Panama, Costa Rica or even Nicaragua, as formerly considered. Introduced elsewhere.
Diagnosis:	Dorsal spines (total): 17-19; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7-9; Anal spines: 8-10; Anal soft rays: 6-7; Vertebrae: 27-28. This species is distinguished by the following characters: two (vs. one) distal rows of interradial scales on anal fin; arms in the first epibranchial bone are parallel (vs. divergent); posterior end of dentigerous arm of dentary rounded or squarish (vs. triple-spined or bluntly pointed); peritoneal coloration is uniformly dark (vs. not uniformly dark); rostrad directed pronounced convexity on the ventral process of the articular absent (vs. present); body less deep than as compared with its congeners kanna and siquia; 4th bar not Y-shaped (Ref. 74403).
Biology:	Adults inhabit flowing water from small creeks and streams to the shallows of large and fast flowing rivers (Ref. 7335). Prefer rocky habitats and finds sanctuary in the various cracks and crevices provided by this type of environment (Ref. 7335), or among roots and debris (Ref. 44091). They occur in warm pools of springs and their effluents (Ref. 7020). Feed on worms, crustaceans, insects, fish and plant matter (Refs. 7020; 44091). Also used in behavioral studies (Ref. 4537). Approximately 100-150 eggs are deposited and are vigorously guarded and cared for by both male and female (Ref. 44091). A popular aquarium fish which requires high temperature to maintain itself in an environment, e.g. artificially heated waters of power stations. Aquarium keeping: in pairs; minimum aquarium size 80 cm (Ref. 51539)
Threatened:	Not Evaluated, see IUCN Red List , (Ref. 36508)
Dangerous:	potential pest , Yamamoto, M.N. and A.W. Tagawa. 2000
Coordinator:	Kullander, Sven O.
Main Ref:	Schmitter-Soto, J.J.. 2007. (Ref. 74403)
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USA (contiguous states) country information
Common names:	Convict cichlid, White convict cichlid, Zebra chanchito, Zebra cichlid	Ref: Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991
Status:	introduced	Ref: Lee, D.S., C.R. Gilbert, C.H. Hocutt, R.E. Jenkins, D.E. McAllister and J.R. Stauffer, 1980
Salinity:	freshwater
Uses:	no uses
Comments:	Has potential to cause serious damage on native fishes of southwestern United States through competition and possibly predation (Ref. 6466). Also Ref. 1739, 6466, 13364.
States/Provinces:	Florida (introduced) Idaho (introduced) Nevada (introduced)
States/Provinces Complete?:	No
Country Information:	www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/us.html
National Fisheries Authority:	www.nmfs.gov
Occurrences:	Occurrences Point map
Main Ref:	Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991
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Modified: Ortañez, Auda Kareen

Entered: Welcomme, Robin L.

CGNET - US

Page created by: Eli, 20.10.03, last modified by Eli, 26.06.07

	Ref.:		Glossary
		(e.g. 9948)		(e.g. cephalopods)
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