ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
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ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Prefers shallow waters around the shoreline or shallow protected waters over sandy or silty bottoms (Ref. 122680). In small groups or solitary. Feeds during the day and at night (diurnal and nocturnal). Juveniles found in mangroves or swamps, canals and tidal streams and marshes. Feeds on fish and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 49, 4887). Often in coastal waters (Ref. 9137). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; silt; |
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Substrate Ref. | State of hawaii, 2020 |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Honebrink, R., 1990 |
Estimation method | ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ | ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ | ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ | |||||
ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ | 4.03 | 0.62 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ |