| ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
|---|---|
| ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Inhabits coral reefs (Ref. 58534). Found in the sublittoral zone (Ref. 11230); inhabits coastal areas over soft bottoms, usually at depths greater than 10 m (Refs. 30573, 127989). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on small fishes and shrimps (Refs. 3401, 127989). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | Benthic; Soft Bottom Hard Bottom: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin, 2004 |
| ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
| ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
| Estimation method | ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ | ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ | ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ | 4.43 | 0.46 | 4.49 | 0.79 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
| ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ | 4.30 | 0.69 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 | ||||