Hisonotus leucophrys Carvalho & Reis, 2009

Family:  Loricariidae (Armored catfishes), subfamily: Hypoptopomatinae
Max. size:  4.22 cm SL (male/unsexed)
Environment:  benthopelagic; freshwater
Distribution:  South America: Brazil. Known only from two tributaries of the right margin of the upper rio Uruguay, the rio Ariranhas and the rio Rancho Grande (Ref. 80996).
Diagnosis:  Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 5. Hisonotus leucophrys differs from its congeners, except Hisonotus montanus, by having comparatively broader light stripes on dorsolateral surface of head, from snout tip to posterior end of compound pterotic (wider than pupil diameter) vs. narrow light stripes on dorsal surface of head extended from snout tip to posterior end of compound pterotic, or no longitudinal stripes in that region. Hisonotus leucophrys differs from Hisonotus montanus by having the snout covered with odontodes, without an odontode-free band vs. anterior portion of snout with an odontode-free band; and by having an infraorbital canal entering the infraorbital series via the sphenotic vs. infraorbital canal entering the infraorbital series via the compound pterotic (Ref. 80996).
Biology:  This species inhabits median to fast flowing watercourses of clear water, with stones and sand on the bottom, and are found in aquatic, partially submersed, vegetation islands composed by grass (Ref. 80996).
IUCN Red List Status: Not Evaluated (N.E.) Ref. (130435)
Threat to humans:  harmless


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