| Main Ref. | Msiska, O.V., 1991 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | in mouth |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
bearers External brooders |
| Parental Care | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | A maternal mouthbrooder (Ref. 118638). Builds basin-shaped nests in shallow water from 0.15 m to 1.5 m deep, in sand overlaid with mud, in the vicinity of rooted aquatic vegetation; females brood eggs and young in the mouth until the young reach a length of about 10 mm (Ref. 670). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |