| Main Ref. | Trewavas, E., 1983 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | two seasonal peaks per year |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
bearers External brooders |
| Parental Care | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Nests are made on sandy or loamy bottoms in water 40-80 cm deep, or more sparsely in depths of a meter or more; they are circular basins with a diameter of 115-185 cm, about 20 cm deep in the middle with a rim raised 7-8 cm above the surrounding level; spawning occurs at night, the fishes seeking deeper waters during the day to avoid high temperatures and intense illumination (Ref. 2). Reproduction is seasonal, usually taking place during the dry seasons from June to September and in February; can reach maturity at a size of 15 cm; breeding behavior is similar to that of its congeners (e.g. O. niloticus) (Ref. 52307). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |