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Larvae Information Summary for  Diaphus theta
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Main Ref: Moser, H.G. and E.H. Ahlstrom 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm) 3      
Preanal L. % TL 64 45    
Place of development planktonic
Larval area California Current region
Yolk-sac       Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Rows on tail  
Other melanophores on tail  
Post larvae
Striking feature light organs
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal  
Striking feature light organs
Shape of gut elongated
Gas bladder   early pigmented late  
Spinal armature   early no spines late no spines
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on trunk
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail tail with single melanophore
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on trunk
Urostyle region   early unpigmented late unpigmented
Pectorals normal without melanophores
Pelvics fin rays only without melanophores
Slender body becoming somewhat compressed and less slender with development; head relatively small, unpigmented; snout relatively short; eyes slightly elliptical with lunate choroid tissue; relative eye size increases with development; gut moderate in length, slightly sigmoid; anteroventral pair of melanophores on gut coalesces in ventral midline during flexion stage; postanal pigment series persists throughout larval period (vs. early coalescence in the deep-bodied, big-headed D. pacificus); Br2 photophores form by 6-9 mm; PO5 by 7.5 mm; PO1 by 8.2 mm; PO2, PO3, VO1, and AOa1 by about 10.5 mm. Pigmentation: Preflexion: initially, up to 15 dashes in postanal median ventral series, with little coalescence (10-14 dashes) in preflexion larvae; earliest larvae have a pair on terminal gut section, 1in the caudal region and 2 lateral gut pairs (1 at about midgut and 1 anteriorly); by about 4.4 mm, the anterior lateral gut pair has moved anteroventrad; by about 5.2 mm, 1 present above the gas bladder. Flexion: 9-11 in postanal series; anteroventral pair on gut coalesces to 1 on ventral midline. Postflexion: postanal series coalesces to about 5-6 embedded blotches; 1-4 in vertical series on posterior hypural edge. Sequence of fin development: caudal, dorsal and anal, pectorals, pelvics.
Meristic characters
  max min mod Ref.
Total number of vertebrae 36 34   31442
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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