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Larvae Information Summary for  Pholis gunnellus
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Main Ref: Russell, F.S. 1976
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm) 9 5.5 7.5  
Preanal L. % TL     53 66
Place of development planktonic
Larval area to be filled
Yolk-sac ovoid   pigmented Ref:  
Yolk unsegmented Oil globules one oil globuleanteriorventralunpigmented
Rows on tail ventral row
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on trunk
At 11 mm, presence of: a row of melanophores on ventral side of intestine, 3-4 stellate melanophores on dorsal side of rectum and 2 melanophores below the base of the pectoral fin.
Post larvae
Striking feature none
Striking shape lateral eel-like dorsal normal (not striking)
Striking feature none
Shape of gut tube-like
Gas bladder   early invisible late invisible
Spinal armature   early no spines late no spines
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail ventral row
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on trunk
Rows on tail ventral row
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Peritoneum covered with melanophores
Pectorals normal  
Pelvics normal (i.e. small or absent)  
Three or four large melanophores on the dorsal side of the rectum and a median row of elongated melanophores below the alimentary canal are present.
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max 14   Jan Feb Mar Apr
min 13   May Jun Jul Aug
mod 13.5   Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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