Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق ? - 10 m (Ref. 89972). Tropical; 32°N - 32°S, 42°E - 139°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to the Hawaiian and Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island, Australia; throughout Micronesia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 90.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 1602); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 8.6 kg (Ref. 5450)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع): 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع): 15-19; شوكة شرجية 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 8 - 9. Tip of lower jaw broadly rounded; a spot of black pigment often present on the underside of snout, at least in smaller individuals; tooth patches on parasphenoid and basibranchial bones more broadly oval in shape, average width/length 0.38 and 0.45, respectively; number of teeth in pharyngobranchial tooth patch usually 5-15 (Ref. 9828). Compared to A. argentea which has a yellow spot on the axil of the pectoral fin, in this species, there is none (Ref. 74924).
Inhabits mud flats of turbid inner reefs and mangroves and sandy lagoons (Ref. 9710). Benthopelagic in shallow, coastal areas (Ref. 58302). Grabs food from the substratum using its snout. Feeds on invertebrates, benthic species, mollusks and small crustaceans (Ref. 89972). Can tolerate oxygen poor water by inhaling air into a lung-like air bladder (Ref. 9710). Migrates to mass spawn at seaward mouths of channels on lunar cycle (Ref. 9710). Sold fresh in markets but seldom used for human consumption.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Spawning occurs in open waters. Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 205).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; لعبة سمكه: نعم; طعم: usually
مزيد من المعلومات
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
Download XML
مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.3, mean 28.1 °C (based on 2148 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5007 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00559 - 0.03252), b=3.04 (2.84 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 10.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14.4 [1.8, 131.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.558 [0.052, 5.738] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [16.8, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.142 [0.042, 0.484] g/100g; Selenium = 27.2 [2.3, 209.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 41.1 [4.7, 375.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.22 [0.13, 12.79] mg/100g (wet weight);
