Hyporthodus niveatus, Snowy grouper : fisheries

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Hyporthodus niveatus (Valenciennes, 1828)

Snowy grouper
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Hyporthodus niveatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Hyporthodus niveatus (Snowy grouper)
Hyporthodus niveatus
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Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas demersal; intervalo de profundidade 30 - 525 m (Ref. 5222), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 5222). Subtropical; 41°N - 27°S, 98°W - 34°W (Ref. 5222)

Distribuição Países | Áreas FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Massachusetts, USA to southern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean.

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm 54.0, range 47 - ? cm
Max length : 122 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 26340); common length : 60.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5217); peso máx. Publicado: 30.0 kg (Ref. 5222); Idade máx. registada: 27 anos (Ref. 3090)

Descrição breve Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total): 11; Raios dorsais moles (total): 13-15; Espinhos anais 3; Raios anais moles: 9. Distinguished by the following characteristics: Dark margin on spiny dorsal fin and dark saddle on caudal peduncle that extends below lateral line (Ref. 26938); juveniles with pale yellow caudal and pectoral fins; black saddle blotch on the caudal peduncle reaching below lateral line; depth of body contained 2.4-2.8 times in SL; head length 2.2-2.4 times in SL; convex interorbital area, width less than or subequal to eye diameter; enlarged serrae at angle of preopercle; distinctly convex upper edge of operculum; posterior nostrils 2-5 times larger than anterior nostrils (Ref. 89707).

Biologia     Glossário (ex. epibenthic)

Adults occur well offshore on rocky bottoms. Juveniles may be found inshore and are often reported from the northeastern coast of the U.S (Ref. 89707). Adults feed on fishes, gastropods, cephalopods, and brachyuran crustaceans (Ref. 5222). Valuable commercial food fish (Ref. 26938).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas

The size (76.7-109 cm) and age (8-29 yr) of 97 male specimens and the capture of two specimens undergoing sex change provided conclusive evidence that snowy grouper are protogynous hermaphrodites (Ref. 45886).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Craig, M.T. and P.A. Hastings, 2007. A molecular phylogeny of the groupers of the subfamily Epinephelinae (Serranidae) with revised classification of the epinephelini. Ichthyol. Res. 54:1-17. (Ref. 83414)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Vulnerável, ver o Livro Vermelho da IUCN (VU) (A2bd+4bd); Date assessed: 21 November 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

  Harmless





Utilização humana

Pescarias: espécies comerciais
FAO - pescarias: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

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Fontes da internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Consultar FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Espécies | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pescarias: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genoma, nucleotídeo | GloBI | GoMexSI (interaction data) | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Bases de dados nacionais | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: ir para, procurar | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registo zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 14.8 - 23.7, mean 19.5 °C (based on 93 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5001   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.01218 - 0.02063), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.58 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.07-0.09; tmax=27).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 34.8 [15.4, 66.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.74 [0.39, 1.39] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.8, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.382 [0.237, 0.648] g/100g; Selenium = 49.2 [25.6, 92.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.2 [3.1, 31.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.511 [0.367, 0.752] mg/100g (wet weight);