Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranquios (tiburones y rayas) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Gymnuridae (Butterfly rays)
Etymology: Gymnura: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 28 - 37 m (Ref. 9918). Tropical

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Eastern Indian Ocean and Western Central Pacific: India to Indonesia, including Singapore and Thailand.

Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m 47.6, range 47 - ? cm
Max length : 106 cm WD macho / no sexado; (Ref. 58048); common length : 20.0 cm WD macho / no sexado; (Ref. 27550)

Demersal inshore, in shallow depths to at least 37 m (Ref.58048). Also found offshore (Ref. 9918). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Smallest individual was 27 cm WD. Caught often by demersal trawl, trammel and gillnet fisheries, and occasionally using tangle nets. Utilized for its meat, but of limited value due to its typically small size (Ref.58048).

Life cycle and mating behavior Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador : McEachran, John | Colaboradores

Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Endangered (EN) (A2d); Date assessed: 11 September 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Venomous (Ref. 27550)

Human uses

Pesquerías: comercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Más información

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Ecosistemas
Ocurrencias, apariciones
Introducciones
Stocks
Ecología
Dieta
componentes alimenticios
consumo de alimento
Ración

Nombres comunes
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Metabolismo
Despredadores
Ecotoxicología
Reproducción
Madurez
Puesta
Agregación para la puesta
Fecundidad
Huevos
Egg development

Age/Size
Crecimiento
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometría
Morfología
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Reclutamiento
Abundancia
BRUVS

Referencias
Acuicultura
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heritabilidad
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Mass conversion

Colaboradores
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Sonidos
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Velocidad
Tipo de natación
Superficie branquial
Otolitos
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Herramientas

Special reports

Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Datos específicos | Nombres comunes | Photos

Fuentes de Internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 27.2 - 28.8, mean 28.2 °C (based on 91 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00352 - 0.01710), b=3.09 (2.89 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resiliencia (Ref. 120179): Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (Fec assumed to be <10).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Gymnura zonura (Bleeker, 1852)