Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; ঈষৎ লোনা ; মহাসাগরে বিচরনক্ষম (Ref. 51243); গভীরতার পরিসীমা 0 - 500 m, usually 5 - 250 m (Ref. 54928). Subtropical; 50°N - 16°N, 20°W - 43°E
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Mauritania including the Mediterranean Sea. The subspecies Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus occurs in the Marmara and Black seas, southern and western parts of the Azov Sea.
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm 20.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm FL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm FL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 3397)
Adults are found usually near the bottom, at times also in surface waters; pelagic and migratory in large schools. They feed on other fishes especially sardines, anchovies, etc. and small crustaceans (Ref. 4233). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233).
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: বাণিজ্যিক; শিকারযোগ্য মাছ: হঁ্যা
হাতিয়ার
Special reports
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.2 - 21, mean 17.4 °C (based on 748 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00773 - 0.01028), b=2.96 (2.93 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): মাধ্যম , সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১.৪-৪.৪ বৎসর (K=0.22; tmax=12).
Prior r = 0.51, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.76, Based on 5 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 215 [146, 344] mg/100g; Iron = 3.76 [2.38, 6.28] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [19.1, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.38 [0.27, 0.54] g/100g; Selenium = 26 [17, 40] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.8 [3.7, 48.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.49, 2.61] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
