Umbrina cirrosa, Shi drum : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

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Umbrina cirrosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Shi drum
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Umbrina cirrosa   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Umbrina cirrosa (Shi drum)
Umbrina cirrosa
Picture by De Sanctis, A.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3593). 亞熱帶的; 50°N - 30°N, 18°W - 42°E

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay and Gibraltar to southern Morocco, including the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Records south of Morocco have not been supported with descriptions.
東大西洋: 比斯開灣與直布羅陀到摩洛哥南部, 包括地中海,黑海與亞速海。 摩洛哥記錄南方不與描述一起支撐。

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 104 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 128540); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3593); 最大體重: 11.1 kg (Ref. 128540); 最大年齡: 18 年 (Ref. 128540)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背的軟條 (總數): 22-23

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Found over rocky and sandy bottoms in coastal waters. Juveniles enter estuaries. Feed on bottom invertebrates.

在沿岸水域中發現在岩質與砂質底部上了。 稚魚進入河口。 吃底棲無脊椎動物。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

Group synchronous oocytes. A multiple-batch spawner (Ref. 109248).東大西洋: 比斯開灣與直布羅陀到摩洛哥南部, 包括地中海,黑海與亞速海。 摩洛哥記錄南方不與描述一起支撐。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  次級保育類動物, 見 IUCN 紅皮書 (VU) (A2b); Date assessed: 30 July 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 實驗的; 游釣魚種: 是的
FAO - 養殖: 產生; 漁業: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

更多資訊

俗名
同種異名
新陳代謝
捕食者
生態毒物學
繁殖
成熟度
產卵場
產卵群集
孕卵數

卵發育
參考文獻
養殖
養殖資訊
品種
遺傳學
Electrophoreses
遺傳率
疾病
加工
Nutrients
Mass conversion
合作者
照片
Stamps, Coins Misc.
聲音
神經毒
速度
泳型
鰓區
Otoliths
腦重體重比
眼睛色素

工具

特別的報告

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網路資源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - 養殖: 產生; 漁業: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因組, 核甘 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 國家資料庫 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: , 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13.3 - 21, mean 18 °C (based on 276 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00582 - 0.01304), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.28).
Prior r = 0.99, 95% CL = 0.65 - 1.48, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 61.4 [34.6, 122.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.961 [0.488, 1.669] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [18.5, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.309 [0.181, 0.482] g/100g; Selenium = 31.9 [17.8, 61.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.8 [3.0, 27.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.66 [0.48, 0.95] mg/100g (wet weight);