Thunnus orientalis, Pacific bluefin tuna : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

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Thunnus orientalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844)

Pacific bluefin tuna
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Thunnus orientalis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Thunnus orientalis (Pacific bluefin tuna)
Thunnus orientalis
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分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Thunnus: Greek, thynnos = tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋; 半咸淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 550 m (Ref. 58302). 亞熱帶的; 61°N - 52°S, 99°E - 70°W

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

North Pacific: Gulf of Alaska to southern California and Baja California and from Sakhalin Island in the southern Sea of Okhotsk south to northern Philippines. There are four substantiated records of this subspecies in the southern hemisphere: off Western Australia, southeast Pacific (37°11'S, 114°41'W) and Gulf of Papua (Ref. 10997). The species occurs mainly in the northern Pacific but ventures into New Zealand waters for at least three months during spring and early summer (Ref. 83312).
北太平洋: 阿拉斯加灣到南加州與下加利福尼亞而且從鄂霍次克海南方的薩哈林島南至菲律賓北部。 有這一個亞種的四個證實的紀錄在南半球: 外海的西澳大利亞,太平洋 (37 ° 11'S,114 ° 41' W) 東南部與巴布亞灣.(參考文獻 10997)

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9340); common length : 200 cm FL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9340); 最大体重: 450.0 kg (Ref. 47525); 最大年龄: 15 年 (Ref. 83312)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

Mean number of gill rakers 35.9. First ventrally directed parapophysis on vertebra number 8. Dorsal wall of body cavity has a narrow bulge with lateral concavity and wide lateral trough. Caudal keels dark.
鳃耙 35.9 的平均数. 第一个在 8 号脊椎骨上朝向下的椎体横突。 体腔的背部墙壁有一个狭窄的凸起,侧面的凹洼与宽的侧线槽。 尾部的龙骨脊深色的。

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Epipelagic, usually oceanic, but seasonally coming close to shore (Ref. 168). Tolerates ample temperature intervals (Ref. 168). Forms schools by size, sometimes with other scombrids (Ref. 168). Migrates between June and September in a northward direction along the coast of Baja California, Mexico and California (Ref. 168). A voracious predator that feeds on a wide variety of small schooling fishes and squids, also on crabs crabs and to a lesser degree on sessile organisms (Ref. 168). Marketed fresh and frozen.

表层带, 通常大洋性的, 但是季节性地接近海岸.(参考文献 168) 容忍大的温度范围。 (参考文献 168) 依大小形成鱼群, 有时有其他的鲭科鱼类.(参考文献 168) 在一个被沿着墨西哥的下加利福尼亚与加州的海岸向北的中在六月与九月之间回游。 (参考文献 168) 一个狼吞虎咽的掠食者捕食各式各样的小群游性鱼或乌贼, 也螃蟹与少数固着生物.(参考文献 168) 在市场上销售生鲜和冷冻。

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

北太平洋: 阿拉斯加灣到南加州與下加利福尼亞而且從鄂霍次克海南方的薩哈林島南至菲律賓北部。 有這一個亞種的四個證實的紀錄在南半球: 外海的西澳大利亞,太平洋 (37 ° 11'S,114 ° 41' W) 東南部與巴布亞灣.(參考文獻 10997)

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Collette, Bruce B. | 合作者

Collette, B.B., 1995. Scombridae. Atunes, bacoretas, bonitos, caballas, estorninos, melva, etc. p. 1521-1543. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9340)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  临近濒危 (NT) (A2bd); Date assessed: 15 January 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 高经济性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
FAO - 养殖: 产生; 渔业: landings; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | 周边海洋

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卵的发育
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工具

特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 养殖: 产生; 渔业: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13.9 - 28.1, mean 24.3 °C (based on 983 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5039   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00638 - 0.02986), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 10.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3-5; tmax=15; K=0.1-0.2).
Prior r = 0.38, 95% CL = 0.25 - 0.57, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (76 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 18.3 [10.0, 32.3] mg/100g; Iron = 2.32 [0.96, 5.79] mg/100g; Protein = 24.2 [22.7, 25.5] %; Omega3 = 0.403 [0.246, 0.662] g/100g; Selenium = 42.6 [16.1, 118.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 21.5 [2.9, 199.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.355 [0.211, 0.717] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.