分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Harengula: Old English haring, hering = mackerel, the fish Clupea harengus (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188), usually 1 - 7 m (Ref. 96339). 熱帶; 33°N - 17°S, 115°W - 76°W (Ref. 188)
Eastern Pacific: La Jolla, California to Peru (at least to Callao), including the Gulf of California (Ref. 35601). (This species seems to have two forms or subspecies: Harengula thrissina thrissina from the Gulf of California to Panama and Harengula thrissina peruana from Panama to Peru).
東太平洋: 加州的拉賀亞到祕魯 (至少到卡亞俄), 包括加州灣.(參考文獻 35601) (這種似乎有兩個形式或亞種: 來自巴拿馬到祕魯的 太平洋青鱗魚〔Harengula thrissina〕 thrissina 從加州灣到巴拿馬與 太平洋青鱗魚〔Harengula thrissina〕 peruana).
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.4 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 96339); common length : 8.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9291)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 13-21; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 15 - 17. tooth plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchial tooth plates) broad, their width about 3 to 5 times in their combined lengths. Last dorsal fin ray not elongate (cf. Opisthonema).
在它 (基舌骨与基鳃骨齿板) 后面的舌与齿碟上的齿碟宽的, 他们的宽度大约 3 到 5 倍他们的组合长度。 持续不细长的 (比较 Opisthonema) 的背鳍鳍条。
A schooling species found in coastal waters. Form dense schools along shores and estuarine areas with salinities slightly lower than that of saltwater (Ref. 9291). Feed on planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 9291). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 35601). Utilized as bait (at least in Mexico and Costa Rica) (Ref. 9291).
一个群游性鱼种发现于沿岸水域了。 沿着海岸与盐度比海水稍低的河口形成密集的鱼群。 (参考文献 9291) 捕食浮游性甲壳动物。 (参考文献 9291) 卵生的, 卵与仔鱼为浮游性.(参考文献 35601) 用来作诱饵 (至少在墨西哥与哥斯达黎加)了。 (参考文献 9291)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 35601).東太平洋: 加州的拉賀亞到祕魯 (至少到卡亞俄), 包括加州灣.(參考文獻 35601) (這種似乎有兩個形式或亞種: 來自巴拿馬到祕魯的 太平洋青鱗魚〔Harengula thrissina〕 thrissina 從加州灣到巴拿馬與 太平洋青鱗魚〔Harengula thrissina〕 peruana).
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 诱饵: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.3 - 29.1, mean 26.4 °C (based on 242 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00433 - 0.01920), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 267 [139, 488] mg/100g; Iron = 2.19 [1.33, 3.63] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.8, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.434 [0.246, 0.764] g/100g; Selenium = 39.8 [19.8, 76.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 31 [14, 71] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.87 [1.31, 2.71] mg/100g (wet weight);
