分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 80 - 523 m (Ref. 58018). 亞熱帶的; 28°N - 1°N, 113°W - 78°W (Ref. 58452)
Eastern Pacific: off the west coast of the Americas from Del Mar, California to Ensenada de Tumaco, Colombia. Vrooman and Paloma's (1970) dwarf hake off the coast of Baja California has recently been described as a different species, Merluccius hernandezi Mathews, 1985.
東太平洋: 從 Del 三月的外海美國的西岸, Ensenada de Tumaco ，哥倫比亞的加州。 Vrooman 與 Paloma(1970) 的矮小鱈魚外海的下加利福尼亞的海岸最近已經被描述為一個不同的種， Merluccius hernandezi Mathews,1985.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 22.0, range 18 - 27 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); common length : 32.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数): 1; 背的软条 (总数): 45-52. Head rather long, about 30% of SL. Gill rakers long and slender, with pointed tips. Pectoral fins long, the tips reaching to or beyond the origin of the anal fin. Overall color silvery, lighter ventrally.
头部相当长又大约 30% 的 SL。 鳃耙长且细的, 有尖的顶端。 胸鳍长的, 顶端延伸到或超过臀鳍起点。 全体色彩银色的, 腹部颜色较淡。
Occurs from shallow continental shelf to the upper continental slope, and in the mid-waters of the open sea and on sea-mounts (Uncle Sam Bank). Exploited only on a local level due to its abundance and its relatively small median size (Ref. 9119). Minimum length of first sexual maturity for both sexes is 18-19 cm, and spawning occurs from April to June, or later (Ref. 58452).
生存于水浅的大陆架到大陆坡上层, 与在开放海域的中层水域中与在海底山脉 (Uncle Sam 浅堆) 上. 被捕获的仅地方性的由于它的丰度与它的相当小平均大小.(参考文献 9119)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
東太平洋: 從 Del 三月的外海美國的西岸, Ensenada de Tumaco ，哥倫比亞的加州。 Vrooman 與 Paloma(1970) 的矮小鱈魚外海的下加利福尼亞的海岸最近已經被描述為一個不同的種， Merluccius hernandezi Mathews,1985.
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.1 - 13.7, mean 12.6 °C (based on 24 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00243 - 0.00821), b=3.09 (2.93 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.34-0.35; tm=3; tmax=7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.7 [17.6, 138.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.85 [0.29, 2.18] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [17, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.171 [0.102, 0.286] g/100g; Selenium = 45.8 [20.1, 103.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.9 [5.9, 66.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.458 [0.292, 0.702] mg/100g (wet weight);
