Bathyraja abyssicola, Deep-sea skate

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Bathyraja abyssicola (Gilbert, 1896)

Deep-sea skate
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Bathyraja abyssicola   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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drawing shows typical species in Arhynchobatidae.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Bathyraja: Greek, bathys = deep + Latin, raja, -ae = a ray (Raja sp) (Ref. 45335);  abyssicola: From the Latin 'abyssos' meaning bottomless and 'cola' meaning living at depths; referring to its deep-sea habitat..
More on author: Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 362 - 2910 m (Ref. 50610). 深水域

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

North Pacific: Bering Sea; south to the Galapagos Islands, west to Japan.
北太平洋: 日本的太平洋海岸與從加拿大卑詩省到墨西哥。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - 147 cm
Max length : 135 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 126515); 157.0 cm TL (female)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

This large, rhomboidal skates (to at least 157 cm TL) have a triangularly shaped disc (width 44.2-63.7% TL), long head length (19.7-27.8% TL), and with rounded pectoral apices; claspers are very long and slender, the tips conspicuously bulbous, large and wide pseudosiphon present, length 20.0% of clasper, with a distinct, curved pseudorhipidion, the inner surface with a defined V-shaped cleft; ventral lobe with a rounded projection; teeth in 27-39 rows on upper jaw, 24-34 rows on lower jaw; pectoral radials 82; pelvic fins 19; total vertebrae 139; the dorsal and ventral surface of disc with prickly dermal denticles and with thorns on dorsal surface of disc, the males with a well-developed alar thorns, no malar thorns, middorsal thorns weak or absent (0-2), the scapulars often none, nuchal thorns strong (2-4), tail thorns moderate (15-30), down the length of tail, interdorsals are weak or obsolete (0-1). Colouration: dorsal dark brown or black-grey, sometimes with small dark blotches scattered on body, the pectoral fin edges are darker than the rest of body, pelvic fins often with whitish anterior tips while ventral is darker than dorsal surface, usually white around the mouth, gills, and cloaca (Ref. 126515).

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

This species lives in deep waters, on the upper continental slope and often over fine sediment; reported to have a preference for colder temperatures than its congeners. The size at maturity for males is from 109 to 120 cm TL, for females 145 cm TL; size at birth uncertain, with the smallest free-swimming specimen measured 19 cm TL. Feeds on annelids, cephalopods, crabs, shrimps, and bony fishes, the smaller individuals consume more invertebrates (Ref. 126515). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). The light golden brown egg cases are large (10.8-11.1 cm TL), with coarse surface due to the rasp-like denticles; with a distinct groove between the lateral keel and the case (absent in all other ENP skate egg cases) and with horns at the corners, the anterior horns more robust than posteriors, with both sets becoming flat and thread-like at tips (Ref. 126515).

卵生的。 明顯的成對出現。 幼魚可能傾向跟隨大的個體, 例如他們的母親.(參考文獻 205) 卵為長方形鞘囊具有僵硬的觸角沈積在沙灘或泥灘的角落.(參考文獻 205) 卵鞘有 105.8 mm 長與 65.2 mm 寬的長。 (參考文獻 41249)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).北太平洋: 日本的太平洋海岸與從加拿大卑詩省到墨西哥。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert, 2022. A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: Bathyraja Ishiyama). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  資料不足 (DD) ; Date assessed: 24 November 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 2.3 - 4.6, mean 2.8 °C (based on 206 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00253 - 0.01042), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.1   ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).