Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut bentopelagis; kisaran kedalaman 1 - 620 m (Ref. 58302). Deep-water
Pacific Ocean: Okinawa (Ryukyu Islands), Fiji and Tuvalu (Ref. 12596), Hawaii. Indian Ocean: western part of equatorial zone.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 47.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 559)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 33-35; Duri dubur 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 24; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 17 - 23. Body color dark-brown to black. Scales on body and head spineless. Scaleless areas above and behind the eye. Caudal fin rounded in young and juveniles, forked in adults. Attains 47 cm SL.
Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 129050.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
informasi lanjut
Nama-nama umumSinonim (persamaan)metabolismePemangsaEkotoksikologiReproduksi, perkembang biakanKematanganPemijahanSpawning aggregationFecunditytelur-telurpekembangan telor
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.9 - 26.9, mean 20.9 °C (based on 400 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00737 - 0.02705), b=2.95 (2.77 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).