分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Perciformes/Zoarcoidei (Eelpouts and pricklebacks) >
Zoarcidae (Eelpouts) > Gymnelinae
Etymology: Melanostigma: Greek, melan, -anos = black + Greek, stigma = signal (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海区的; 深度上下限 400 - 1853 m (Ref. 58426). 深水域; 74°N - 19°N, 77°W - 6°E
Northwest Atlantic: New Brunswick in Canada to Virginia in USA. Eastern Atlantic: Off the western coast of Scotland and in the Mediterranean (Gulf of Genoa; also off Spain) (Ref. 4695), Faeroe-Iceland Ridge and between Cap Blanc, Mauritania and the Canary Islands (Ref. 6950).
西北大西洋: 在美國的加拿大的新布蘭斯維克到維吉尼亞。 東大西洋: 外海的蘇格蘭的西岸與在地中海中 (熱那亞灣; 也外海的西班牙)(參考文獻 4695), 法羅群島-冰島的脊與在白鼻角, 茅利塔尼亞與加納利群島之間.(參考文獻 6950)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251)
Occurs in midwater over the continental slope. Mostly found from 365-550 m depth, but enters shallower water in the northern part of range (Ref. 7251); prefers salinity of 33.4-34.7 ppt. (Ref. 5951). Bathypelagic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on foraminifera, copepods, and ostracods (Ref. 9731).
出现于在大陆斜坡上的中层水域。 大部份从 365-550 公尺深发现, 但是在范围的北部中进入较浅的水域.(参考文献 7251) 吃有孔虫,桡脚类的动物与介形虫。 (参考文献 9731)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西北大西洋: 在美國的加拿大的新布蘭斯維克到維吉尼亞。 東大西洋: 外海的蘇格蘭的西岸與在地中海中 (熱那亞灣; 也外海的西班牙)(參考文獻 4695), 法羅群島-冰島的脊與在白鼻角, 茅利塔尼亞與加納利群島之間.(參考文獻 6950)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 3.3 - 10.6, mean 5.8 °C (based on 143 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00135 - 0.00777), b=3.15 (2.94 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming tmax>3; Fec=43).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 59.6 [18.9, 140.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.394 [0.163, 1.137] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [14, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.155 [0.053, 0.418] g/100g; Selenium = 15.5 [4.9, 43.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 38 [4, 331] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.825 [0.441, 1.627] mg/100g (wet weight);