Pomatomus saltatrix, Bluefish : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish, bait

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Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766)

Bluefish
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pomatomus saltatrix   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pomatomus saltatrix
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Classificação / Names Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Scombriformes (Mackerels) > Pomatomidae (Bluefishes)
Etymology: Pomatomus: Greek, poma, -atos = cover, operculum + Greek, tomos = portion (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 200 m (Ref. 54708). Subtropical; 53°N - 44°S, 98°W - 180°E

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Point map | Introduções | Faunafri

Circumglobal: In tropical to subtropical waters; except the eastern Pacific (Ref. 33390). Eastern Atlantic: Portugal to South Africa, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea, Madeira, and the Canary Islands. Western Atlantic: Canada and Bermuda to Argentina (Ref. 7251). Indian Ocean: along the coast of East Africa, Madagascar, southern Oman, southwest India, the Malay Peninsula, and Western Australia (Ref. 11441). Southwest Pacific: Australia except the Northern Territory, and New Zealand (Ref. 11441). Absent from eastern Pacific and northwest Pacific. Barely entering the Western Central Pacific region. Records from the Northern Territory, Australia and from Indonesia appear to be erroneous (Ref. 9860). Occurrence in Taiwan (Ref. 5193) and Hawaii (Ref. 4517) need verification.

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: Lm 30.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 11441); common length : 60.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 3482); peso máx. publicado: 14.4 kg (Ref. 4699); idade máx. registrada: 14 anos (Ref. 128525)

Descrição suscinta Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total): 8 - 9; Raios dorsais (total): 23-28; Espinhos anais 2-3; Raios anais : 23 - 27. Jaw teeth prominent, sharp, compressed, in a single series. Two dorsal fins, the first short and low, with 7 or 8 feeble spines connected by a membrane. Back greenish, sides and belly silvery (Ref. 9860).

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Occur in oceanic and coastal waters (Ref. 26340). They are most common along surf beaches and rock headlands in clean, high energy waters, although adults can also be found in estuaries and into brackish water (Ref. 6492). Small fish may be found in shallow coastal waters at least 2 m depth (Ref. 9563), in schools pursuing and attacking small fishes (Ref. 9626). Adults are in loose groups, often attacking shoals of mullets or other fishes and destroying numbers apparently far in excess of feeding requirements (Ref. 9860). Feed on other fish (Ref. 5377), crustaceans and cephalopods (Ref. 47377). Associated with sharks and billfishes (Ref. 26340). Voracious and aggressive (Ref. 9626), reported to bite when handled. Migrate to warmer water during winter and to cooler water in summer (Ref. 9987). Popular game fish (Ref. 6638). Good food fish; marketed mostly fresh (Ref. 9860), but also dried or salted (Ref. 5284), and frozen (Ref. 9987).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas

Fecundity varies from 400,000 to 2,000,000 eggs depending on the size of the individual (ranging from 370,000 in a 31 cm fish to 1,240,000 in a 54 cm fish) (Ref. 27695). Tailor are serial spawners (Ref. 6390).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Dooley, J.K., 1990. Pomatomidae. p. 721-722. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 9986)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

  Vulnerável, ver Livro Vermelho da UICN (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 07 July 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

  Traumatogenic (Ref. 27695)





Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: altamente comercial; Aquacultura: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim; isca: usually
FAO - Aquacultura: produção; pescarias: desembarques, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Ferramentas

Relatórios especiais

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 8.4 - 27.5, mean 21.1 °C (based on 1273 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00841 - 0.01366), b=2.97 (2.90 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.1 (4.1 - 8.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 14 growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.10-0.2; tm=2; tmax=9; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.67, 95% CL = 0.44 - 1.01, Based on 7 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 35.4 [23.1, 58.7] mg/100g; Iron = 1.68 [0.54, 4.47] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [19, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.417 [0.268, 0.647] g/100g; Selenium = 28.5 [15.9, 46.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.4 [4.6, 33.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.539 [0.407, 0.733] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.