Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 20 - 350 m (Ref. 26999), usually 40 - 200 m (Ref. 36731). Subtropical; 58°N - 29°S, 19°W - 22°E
Eastern Atlantic: Scotland to Namibia (Ref. 27121), including the western Mediterranean.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2683); common length : 12.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3397)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 95-106; Sirip dubur lunak: 74 - 82. Eyes separated by a bony ridge, the lower eye a little in advance of the upper. In males, the second to sixth and in females, the second to fifth dorsal fin rays thickened and prolonged. Males with distinct black spot on posterior part of pelvic fins; in females, this spot present but greyish and often indistinct.
Found on sand, mud, shell and corals (Ref. 27121). Caught with bottom and pelagic trawls (Ref. 2683).
Aldebert, Y., M. Desoutter and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Bothidae. p. 1027-1036. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5979)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
informasi lanjut
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.8 - 19.2, mean 11.7 °C (based on 340 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00603 (0.00401 - 0.00906), b=3.10 (2.98 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 95.5 [46.4, 217.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.47, 1.79] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.0, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.327 [0.143, 0.642] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [15.2, 60.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20 [6, 62] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.785 [0.542, 1.118] mg/100g (wet weight);
