Raja montagui, Spotted ray : fisheries

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Raja montagui Fowler, 1910

Spotted ray
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Raja montagui   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Raja montagui (Spotted ray)
Raja montagui
Picture by Bañón Díaz, R.

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Raja: Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Fowler.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 8 - 530 m (Ref. 88171). 溫帶; 61°N - 16°N, 18°W - 25°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Shetlands, southern North Sea and the western Baltic to Mauritania, including the western part of the Mediterranean (to Tunisia and western Greece).
東大西洋: 雪特蘭群島, 北海南部與波羅海西部到茅利塔尼亞, 包括地中海 (到突尼西亞與希臘西部) 的西部.

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 61.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 102 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 6014); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3261); 最大年龄: 18 年 (Ref. 88187)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 0. Sub-rhomboid in shape with a short rostrum and rounded wing-tips. Upper surface almost smooth in young, but prickly in large specimens, except for bare centers of pectoral fins and hind part of disc, underside nearly smooth; orbital thorns separate, a regular row of 20-50 usually persistent thorns from nape to first dorsal fin; with 1-2 thorns between dorsal fins; 2 equal-sized dorsal fins at end of tail. Brownish dorsally with numerous small dark spots which do not reach the margin of the disc, frequently with a concentration of dark spots forming a ring around a pale centre on hind part of each pectoral fin, underside white (Ref. 3167).
上表皮几乎平滑当幼鱼时, 但是多刺的在大个体中, 除了胸鳍与体盘的后部部份的裸露中心,下面几乎平滑; 眼窝的刺分开, 固定的一列 20-50 通常持续的从后颈到第一背鳍的刺; 上表皮不达到体盘的边缘的褐色的有很多的小深色的斑点, 时常大量集中的深色班点在每个胸鳍的后端上形成一个环大约一个灰白的中心, 腹面白色的.(参考文献 3167)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Found mainly along the continental shelf (Ref. 3167). Depth range from 8-283 m in the northeast Atlantic (Ref. 82399), in the southern part of its range it occurs down to 530 m (Ref. 78469, 89037), but most common between 20-120 m (Ref. 88187). Prefers habitats with sand or mud bottoms (Ref. 78469). Juveniles usually found in shallow sandy inshore areas, adults utilize more offshore sand or sand-gravel habitats (Ref. 82399, 89038). Species buries itself to avoid predation and ambush potential prey. Feeds mainly on crustaceans (Ref. 3167) with prey size increasing as it grows (Ref. 88171), also preys on benthic worms, cephalopods and small fishes (Ref. 41849, 58137). Most individuals attain a length of 40-60 cm (Ref. 3261). Oviparous. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Detects weak electric fields generated by other organisms and generate its own weak electric fields (Ref. 10311).

发现于大陆棚水域到大约 100 公尺了。 (参考文献 3167) 来自 20-120 公尺的深度范围, 与从 318-345 公尺在爱奥尼亚的海洋东部中.(参考文献 56504) 主要捕食甲壳动物。 (参考文献 3167) 卵生的。 明显的成对出现。 幼鱼可能倾向跟随大的个体, 例如他们的母亲.(参考文献 205) 卵为长方形鞘囊具有僵硬的触角沈积在沙滩或泥滩的角落.(参考文献 205) 卵鞘是 5.3-7.8 公分长与 3.0-5.0 公分宽的.(参考文献 41250) 大约 24-60個卵在一年中被一個個體生產。 (參考文獻 41250)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Paired eggs are laid during summer (Ref. 3167). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 5.3-7.8 cm long and 3.0-5.0 cm wide (Ref. 41250). Fully formed pups hatch after about 5-6 months and are about 11-12 cm in length (Ref. 78469, 88187). 東大西洋: 雪特蘭群島, 北海南部與波羅海西部到茅利塔尼亞, 包括地中海 (到突尼西亞與希臘西部) 的西部.

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : McEachran, John | 合作者

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 低经济
FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

俗名
同种异名
新陈代谢
捕食者
生态毒物学
繁殖
成熟度
产卵场
产卵群集
孕卵数

卵的发育
年龄范围
成长
体长-体重
体长-体长
体长-频率
形态测量图
型态特徵
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
入添量
丰度
BRUVS
参考文献
养殖
养殖信息
品种
遗传学
Electrophoreses
遗传率
疾病
加工
Nutrients
Mass conversion
合作者
照片
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声音
神经毒
速度
泳型
鳃区
Otoliths
脑重体重比
眼睛色素

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特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 国家资料库 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公众的水族馆 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7 - 16, mean 9.9 °C (based on 418 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00240 (0.00193 - 0.00299), b=3.25 (3.21 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.9   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.18-0.21; tm=8; tmax=14; Fec=24).
Prior r = 0.40, 95% CL = 0.20 - 0.83, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 5.91 [0.83, 102.85] mg/100g; Iron = 0.244 [0.023, 2.859] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [14.0, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 1 [0, 2] g/100g; Selenium = 14.6 [3.0, 72.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.24 [0.46, 70.18] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.34 [0.02, 3.74] mg/100g (wet weight);