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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 20 - 200 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 43°N - 36°S, 19°W - 56°E (Ref. 56870)
Eastern Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: western Mediterranean and Gibraltar (Ref. 3593) to the Cape and along the east coast of Africa to the Persian Gulf. Not yet recorded from Namibia but may eventually be found there (Ref. 27121).
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 11228); common length : 50.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 3490)
Spine dorsali (totale): 11; Raggi dorsali molli (totale): 23-26; Spine anali 2; Raggi anali molli: 7. Juveniles brown with narrow oblique wavy stripes, becoming obscure with age (Ref. 4373).
Coastal species (Ref. 27000). Inhabits rocky and sandy bottoms (Ref. 2683). Juveniles may occur in littoral areas. Feeds on shrimps, worms and other bottom-dwelling invertebrates (Ref. 4780). Sold fresh (Ref. 3490).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
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