Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 10 - 400 m. Subtropical; 51°N - 30°N, 11°W - 42°E
Southeast Atlantic: Atlantic coast from Morocco to the English Channel. Also known from the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
Length at first maturity / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm 10.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 3397)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ): 11 - 12; ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ): 14-16; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ 2; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 15 - 16. Gill membranes not forming a fold across isthmus. Tentacles on nasal opening, above eye and on nape near first dorsal fin ray. Dentaries joined by suture. Lateral line reduced, discontinuous. Anterior part of dorsal fin conspicuously higher than posterior part.
Adults are found over hard bottoms. Mainly nocturnal, they feed on small invertebrates. Oviparous. Eggs are demersal and adhesive (Ref. 205), and are attached to the substrate via a filamentous, adhesive pad or pedestal (Ref. 94114). Eggs are laid under mussel-shells or stones and guarded by the male (Ref. 5981). Larvae are planktonic, often found in shallow, coastal waters (Ref. 94114). Spawn in April (Marseille) or July (England) (Ref. 5981).
Eggs are laid under mussel-shells or stones and guarded by male (Ref. 5981).
Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ເປັນການຄ້າໜ້ອຍ
ຂໍ້ມູນຕື່ມອີກ
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງການລ້ຽງສັດນ້ຳຂໍ້ມູນການລ້ຽງສັດນ້ຳສາຍພັນກຳມະພັນElectrophoresesການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກພະຍາດການປຸງແຕ່ງNutrientsMass conversion
ຜູ້ຮ່ວມມືຮູບStamps, Coins Misc.ສຽງຫອຍມີພິດຊະນິດນຶ່ງທີ່ອາໄສໃນທະເລຄວາມໄວປະເພດການລອຍເນື້ອທີ່ເຫືອກOtolithsສະໝອງວິໄສທັດ
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11 - 17.1, mean 13.9 °C (based on 237 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00644 - 0.01074), b=3.01 (2.93 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 80 [19, 235] mg/100g; Iron = 1.14 [0.42, 4.30] mg/100g; Protein = 3.21 [0.00, 6.94] %; Omega3 = 0.348 [0.150, 0.795] g/100g; Selenium = 23.3 [4.9, 67.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.7 [6.0, 56.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.869 [0.449, 1.739] mg/100g (wet weight);
