Classification / Names
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Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Encrasicholina: Greek, egkrasicholos, -os, -on = mixed with spleen.
More on author: Whitley.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; खारा प्रवाल-भित्ति संयुक्त. Tropical; 32°N - 28°S, 43°E - 173°W (Ref. 189)
Indo-Pacific: widespread in the northern part of the Indian Ocean (Gulf of Aden, but apparently not the Red Sea nor Kenya, the Persian Gulf, India, Andaman Islands) and Western Central Pacific (Indonesia, Thailand, north to at least Taiwan Island, south to northern Australia; also eastward to Fiji and Tonga).
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 6.1, range 4 - ? cm
Max length : 9.7 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 55634); 10.0 cm TL (female); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 8.00 g (Ref. 55634); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 8.00 g
गुदा कांटा 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 18 - 20. Diagnosis: Body rather cylindrical, belly rounded, with 5-6, rarely 3 or 4, sharp needle-like pre-pelvic scutes; maxilla tip pointed, projecting beyond second supra-maxilla and reaching to sub-operculum; isthmus short, preceded by a small bony plate on urohyal between branchial membranes; lower gillrakers 20-27; unbranched dorsal and anal finrays 3, anal fin short, with usually 15-17 branched finrays; in life, a bright silver band on flank, with a thin blue line above, back blue/grey (Ref. 189). It closely resembles Encrasicholina heteroloba, which has only 2 unbranched dorsal and anal finrays, a dull silver/grey band on flank, and the back beige; Encrasicholina oligobranchus has only 17-18 gillrakers; other species of Encrasicholina have a fleshy urohyal plate and a maxilla tip blunt and not projecting beyond the second supra-maxilla; species of Stolephorus have a long isthmus reaching to the margin of the branchial membrane (Ref. 189).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; ठहराव / प्रलोभन: usually
अधिक जानकारी
संदर्भजलीयकृषिजलीयकृषि रूपरेखाखींचआनुवंशिकीElectrophoresesहैरेटिबिलटीबीमारीप्रक्रमणNutrientsMass conversion
साधन
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3195 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00464 - 0.00651), b=3.12 (3.08 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (K=2.00-5.04; tm=0.29; tmax=1.7).
Prior r = 1.19, 95% CL = 0.79 - 1.79, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 239 [65, 779] mg/100g; Iron = 1.47 [0.53, 3.85] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.2, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.207 [0.089, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 39.9 [12.9, 127.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.5 [9.1, 191.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.21 [1.24, 5.33] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
![Image of Encrasicholina devisi (Devis\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Endev_u0.jpg "Image of Encrasicholina devisi (Devis\")
