分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Centrarchiformes (Basses)
鱸形目 (Basses) >
Dichistiidae (Galjoen fishes)
雙帆魚科 (Galjoen fishes)
Etymology: Dichistius: Greek, dichao, dichasis = divided in two parts (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 10 - ? m (Ref. 5213). 亞熱帶的; 12°S - 36°S, 10°E - 34°E
Southeast Atlantic to southwestern Indian Ocean: southern Angola to Natal, South Africa.
東南大西洋: 南方的安哥拉到南非的納塔爾。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 34.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4370); 最大體重: 6.5 kg (Ref. 4370)
背棘 (總數): 10; 背的軟條 (總數): 18-19; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 13 - 14. Changes from black to silver almost instantly to blend with environment; occasionally mottled or with 7-9 crossbars (Ref. 4370).
改變從黑色到銀色的幾乎立即地以環境混合; 偶然有斑點或具有 7-9個交叉的條紋.(參考文獻 4370)
Found in inshore reefs, rocky and sandy areas. Feeds on mollusks, crustaceans, and other invertebrates (Ref. 5213). Abundant in winter, breeding occurs in deeper water. Becoming scarce because of overfishing (Ref. 36731).
發現於近海岩礁,岩石及沙地區域了。 吃軟體動物,甲殼動物與其他的無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 5213) 豐富的冬天時,繁殖出現於較深的水域中。 變成難得的由於捕撈過度。 (參考文獻 36731)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東南大西洋: 南方的安哥拉到南非的納塔爾。
Smith, M.M., 1986. Coracinidae. p. 601-602. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4370)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.4 - 24.7, mean 16.7 °C (based on 20 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.00664 - 0.03964), b=3.01 (2.79 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.5 [7.8, 32.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.449 [0.259, 0.748] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [18.1, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.155 [0.089, 0.271] g/100g; Selenium = 24.8 [11.8, 51.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.6 [5.9, 90.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.598 [0.394, 0.888] mg/100g (wet weight);