Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino associati a barriera corallina; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 3 - 135 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical
Pacific Ocean: Central Honshu, Japan to the South China Sea (Ref. 559). Also known from Hawaii (Ref. 7490). Reported in Norfolk Island (Ref. 89275).
Length at first maturity / Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 47 - ? cm
Max length : 86.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 559); peso massimo pubblicato: 12.1 kg (Ref. 40637)
Spine dorsali (totale): 11; Raggi dorsali molli (totale): 14-16; Spine anali 3; Raggi anali molli: 11 - 13
Inhabit rocky and coral reefs. Juveniles associate with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115, 58302). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale; Acquacoltura: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Informazioni ulteriori
BibliografiaAcquacolturaProfilo di acquacolturaVarietàGeneticaElectrophoresesEreditarietàMalattieElaborazioneNutrientsMass conversion
CollaboratoriImmaginiStamps, Coins Misc.SuoniCiguateraVelocitàModalità di nuotoArea branchialeOtolithsCervelliVista
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.5 - 28.9, mean 27.4 °C (based on 1078 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.4 [16.4, 51.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.554 [0.322, 0.885] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.8, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.104 [0.064, 0.170] g/100g; Selenium = 62.7 [35.4, 115.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.7 [6.6, 78.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.85 [0.59, 1.24] mg/100g (wet weight);