分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Loricariidae (Armored catfishes) > Hypoptopomatinae
Etymology: Pareiorhaphis: Greek, pareia = jaw + Greek, rhaphis = needle (Ref. 45335); garapia: Named for the stream where the new species occurs and the waterfall which marks the known limit of its distribution. A noun in apposition..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.6 - ?. 17°C - ? (Ref. 105131)
South America: Arroio Garapiá, Rio Tramandaí drainage in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 105131)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背的软条 (总数): 7-8; 臀鳍软条: 5 - 6; 脊椎骨: 30 - 31. Pareiorhaphis garapia can be distinguished from all congeners by having the following characters: nuchal plate covered by thick skin and not exposed (vs. nuchal plate exposed and supporting odontodes); posterior process of the cleithrum narrow and elongate (vs. process wide, roughly rectangular); and last segment of the preopercular ramus of the latero-sensory canal limited to an ossified tubule or with a very narrow laminar expansion, always narrower than the canal itself (vs. canal associated to a wide laminar expansion, always wider than the canal). It further differs from most species except P. mutuca, P. vestigipinnis, P. calmoni, P. nudulus, P. hypselurus, P. stomias and P. lophia by the absence of the dorsal-fin spinelet. It can be distinguished from species without a spinelet, except P. nudulus and P. calmoni, by the narrower body at anal-fin origin (9.9-12.0 vs. 12.2-18.3% SL). The pectoral-fin spine in adult males is short and slightly curved, maximally reaching to the origin of the pelvic fin when adpressed (vs. pectoral-fin spine long, straight and reaching to one half of the pelvic-fin length, further distinguish the new species from P. nudulus and P. calmoni). In addition, it differs from all congeners, except P. nudulus, by having reduced number of plates on the snout, predorsal area and in the dorsal and mid-dorsal series, forming a large gap devoid of dermal plates between the dorsal and the adipose fins of apparently sexually mature but not fully developed individuals, measuring up to 50 mm SL (Ref. 105131).
Facultative air-breathing in the genus (Ref. 126274); Found upstream the 12 m high Garapiá waterfall, in a stretch starting at an altitude of 409 meters above sea level. This stream is characterized by crystal clear water, depths of up to 0.5 meter, width between 3 and 4 meters, strong current, and basaltic substrate composed of abundant rocks and pebbles. This stream consists of riparian vegetation formed by dense ombrophilous forest, most considered to be secondary. Most of the stream is covered by the canopy that blocks sunlight from directly reaching the water surface. Occurs syntopically with Astyanax sp., Pareiohaphis nudulus, Rhamdia sp. and Rineloricaria aequalicuspis. The following parameters were recorded on 12 October 2013: temperature 16.5°C, pH 7.6, conductivity 35.3 μS/cm, and Dissolved Oxygen 10.4 mg/l. (Ref. 105131).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Pereira, E.H.L., P. Lehmann, L.J. Schvambach and R.E. Reis, 2015. A new species of Pareiorhaphis (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the headwaters of the Arroio Garapiá, coastal drainage of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Zootaxa 4034(3):556-564. (Ref. 105131)
人类利用
更多信息
俗名同种异名新陈代谢捕食者生态毒物学繁殖成熟度产卵场产卵群集孕卵数卵卵的发育
年龄范围成长体长-体重体长-体长体长-频率形态测量图型态特徵仔鱼稚鱼动力学入添量丰度BRUVS
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00337 - 0.01709), b=3.12 (2.93 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
