分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 18 - 383 m (Ref. 5222). 熱帶; 36°N - 24°S, 36°E - 155°E (Ref. 5222)
Indo-West Pacific: spotty distribution from the Red Sea to Japan and Papua New Guinea. Referred to as Epinephelus morrhua morrhua in Japan (Ref. 5978).
印度-西太平洋: 點狀的分布從紅海至日本與巴布亞新幾內亞。 在日本被當成 吊橋石斑魚〔Epinephelus morrhua〕 morrhua了。 (參考文獻 5978)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4787)
背棘 (總數): 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 13-15; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: tan body color with 5 oblique dark-edged pale bands; dark bands with scattered small black spots and pale blotches, especially dorsally; pale interspaces with small dark brown spots, mainly arranged in series along the middle of the interspaces; adults with dark brown line from the lower edge of the eye to the edge of the subopercle; faint dark band along the maxillary groove and continuing to the edge of the interopercle; dorsal fin and caudal fin covered with small dark spots; juveniles dark brown with black-edged pale brown bands enclosing numerous small black spots; body depth contained 2.6-3.0 times in SL; head length 2.1-2.3 times in SL; nearly flat interorbital, dorsal head profile slightly convex; 2-5 distinctly enlarged serrae on preopercle angle; upper edge of operculum almost straight; adults posterior nostril diameter 2-3 times that of anterior nostrils; maxilla reaches to or past vertical at rear edge of eye; 2 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 89707).
Adults are found at depths between 80 to 383 m; juveniles in 18 to 20 m (Ref. 5222), over hard substrates (Ref. 89707). The species is apparently rare (Ref. 5222).
成魚被發現在深度介於 80 到 383 公尺之間; 稚魚在 18 對 20 公尺.(參考文獻 5222) 此魚種顯然稀有。 (參考文獻 5222)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 點狀的分布從紅海至日本與巴布亞新幾內亞。 在日本被當成 吊橋石斑魚〔Epinephelus morrhua〕 morrhua了。 (參考文獻 5978)
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 06 November 2017
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.9 - 27.8, mean 23.7 °C (based on 783 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.01030 - 0.03070), b=3.11 (2.97 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec = 55,838).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
