分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes)
頜針魚目 (Needle fishes) >
Exocoetidae (Flyingfishes)
飛魚科 (Flyingfishes)
Etymology: Hirundichthys: latin, hirundo = swift; 1300 + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 5217). 亞熱帶的; 41°N - 13°S, 98°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: Guinea to Angola. Western Atlantic: Gulf Stream off Virginia, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Brazil (Ref. 7251), including the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 3720). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
東大西洋: 幾內亞到安哥拉。 西大西洋: 墨西哥灣流外海的美國維吉尼亞與墨西哥灣北部到巴西 (參考文獻 7251) 北部, 包括加勒比海.(參考文獻 3720) 西北大西洋: 加拿大.(參考文獻 5951) 印度-太平洋: 阿拉伯海.(參考文獻 26165)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 25.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 109257); common length : 24.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大年齡: 1.00 年 (Ref. 6503)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 11; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 12. Body elongate, thick, somewhat flattened ventrally; snout shorter than eye, blunt; palatine teeth usually absent; dorsal and anal fins set far back on body, their bases short; dorsal fin low, rays at anterior end the longest; anal fin origin slightly before, or 1 or 2 rays behind dorsal fin origin; pectoral fins strikingly long, 60 to 70 % of SL, only first ray unbranched; pelvic fins large, reaching well beyond anal fin origin; more than 25 scale rows of predorsal scales; dorsally, the color is usually iridescent blue or green in life; dorsal fin colorless or only slightly pigmented; pectoral fins dark, with a pale basal triangle and a narrow white margin (on trailing edge when extended) (Ref. 3720).
細長的身體, 厚的, 略微側腹方向變平; 吻短於眼, 鈍的; 顎齒通常不存在; 背鰭與臀鰭組相距遙遠地在身體，他們的基底短上; 背鰭低的, 在前端最長的鰭條; 臀鰭起源以前些微地, 或在背鰭起點後面的 1 或 2 鰭條; 胸鰭顯著長,60 到 70% SL, 唯一的第一個鰭條不分枝的; 腹鰭大的, 延伸到臀鰭起源後面; 超過 25 鱗片列的前背鱗片; 背面，顏色通常是藍色虹彩或綠色的活著時; 背鰭無色的或只些微地有顏色; 胸鰭深色的, 具有一個灰白的基部三角形與狹窄的白色邊緣 (在蔓延的邊緣上當延伸).(參考文獻 3720)
Occurs in surface waters both near and far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Forms schools. Capable of leaping out and gliding for long distances above the water. Seasonal variation in abundance was noted in the eastern Caribbean countries, a phenomenon that may be due to post-spawning mortality (Ref. 6838). The most important commercial fish species of the eastern Caribbean (Ref. 6504). Considered a good food fish; marketed fresh.
出現於水表面接近海岸與離岸很遠都有.(參考文獻 5217) 形成魚群。 能夠跳出和滑行長距離高於水。 豐度的季節性的變化在加勒比海的國家東部被注意, 一種可能由於後產卵必死的命運的現象.(參考文獻 6838) 最加勒比海東部的重要商業魚種.(參考文獻 6504) 被認為是一個好食用魚了; 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Spawns on the water surface and to a depth of 20 m (Ref. 6834). Post-spawning mortality may explain the disappearance of mature cohorts at the close of the spawning season in June (Ref. 6838). 東大西洋: 幾內亞到安哥拉。 西大西洋: 墨西哥灣流外海的美國維吉尼亞與墨西哥灣北部到巴西 (參考文獻 7251) 北部, 包括加勒比海.(參考文獻 3720) 西北大西洋: 加拿大.(參考文獻 5951) 印度-太平洋: 阿拉伯海.(參考文獻 26165)
Gibbs, R.H. Jr., 1978. Exocoetidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Vol. 2. pag.var. (Ref. 3720)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.3 - 23.6, mean 20 °C (based on 39 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00415 - 0.01521), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (tm<1; tmax=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 396 [116, 1,186] mg/100g; Iron = 3.76 [1.31, 9.56] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.4, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.379 [0.103, 1.550] g/100g; Selenium = 69.1 [18.9, 235.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.98 [0.62, 29.25] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.31 [0.68, 2.45] mg/100g (wet weight);
