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Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) > Orectolobiformes (Carpet sharks) > Orectolobidae (Carpet or nurse sharks)
Etymology: Orectolobus: orektos (Gr.), stretched out; lobus (L.), from lobos (Gr.), rounded projection or protuberance, referring to long nasal barbels of Squalus barbatus (=O. maculatus). (See ETYFish); maculatus: Latin for spotted, referring to large, 0-shaped markings that densely cover dorsal surface. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Bonnaterre.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 248 m (Ref. 106604), usually 0 - 110 m (Ref. 247). Temperate; 20°S - 40°S, 113°E - 154°E

Penyebaran Negara-negara | Daerah-daerah FAO | Ecosystems | Kemunculan | Point map | Introduksi | Faunafri

Eastern Indian Ocean: southern Australia, from Western Australia to southern Queensland. Records from Japan and the South China Sea need to be confirmed.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur

Maturity: L_m ?, range 60 - ? cm
Max length : 320 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 247); common length : 180 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 247)

deskripsi pendek Morfologi | Morfometrik

Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 0; Duri dubur 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 0. Back dark, with light O-shaped markings obscuring darker saddles (Ref. 13577). Caudal fin with its upper lobe hardly elevated above the body axis, with a strong terminal lobe and subterminal notch but no ventral lobe (Ref. 13577).

Found on the continental shelf, from the intertidal down to at least 110 m (Ref. 247). Commonly on coral and rocky reefs, under piers, and on sand bottom (Ref. 247). May occur in water barely deep enough to cover the fish, and has been observed climbing ridges between tide pools with its back out of water (Ref. 247). Nocturnal (Ref. 247). Feeds on bottom invertebrates (Ref. 247), including crabs, lobsters and octopuses (Ref. 43278), and bony fishes (Ref. 247), like sea bass, scorpionfishes and luderick (Ref. 43278). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 43278, 50449), with up to 37 pups in a litter (Ref. 247). Known to bite people that step on it or put their feet near its mouth, and can and will bite when molested and provoked (Ref. 247). Flesh highly regarded and sometimes utilized for human consumption (Ref. 247). Skin sometimes utilized for leather (Ref. 247). Regarded as pest by lobster fishers (Ref. 247).

Life cycle and mating behavior Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva

Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). One female had 37. Size at birth about 21 cm. Some anecdotal accounts regarding courtship are given. It is said that males in captivity fight vigorously among themselves while courting females. In the process, females are bitten by males in the gill region and one clasper is inserted. In the wild, the males are attracted to the females by some chemical pheromones possibly released by the latter during the breeding season.

rujukan utama Upload your references | Acuan | Koordinator | mitra

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)

kurang bimbang (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 March 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

ancaman kepada manusia

Traumatogenic (Ref. 247)

penggunaan manusia

Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil

FAO - Perikanan: profail spesis; Publication: search | FishSource |

informasi lanjut

Negara-negara
Daerah-daerah FAO
Ecosystems
Kemunculan
Introduksi
Stocks
Ekologi
Makanan
Bahan makanan
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Nama-nama umum
Sinonim (persamaan)
metabolisme
Pemangsa
Ekotoksikologi
Reproduksi, perkembang biakan
Kematangan
Pemijahan
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
telur-telur
pekembangan telor

Umur / Saiz
Pertumbuhan
panjang-berat
panjang-panjang
ukuran frekuensi
Morfometrik
Morfologi
Larva
Dinamika larva
pemulihan
Kelimpahan
BRUVS

Acuan
Budidaya air
profil budidaya air
Strain
Genetika
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Diturunkan
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Pengolahan
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Mass conversion

mitra
Gambar
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Suara-suara
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Kecepatan
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Area insang
Otoliths
Otak
Penglihatan / visi

Alat, peralatan

laporan khas

semak penyelenggaraan akuarium | semak helaian fakta spesis | semak helaian fakta aqulcalture

muat turun XML

ringkasan halaman | Point data | Nama-nama umum | fotos/gambar

Sumber internet

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 15.3 - 24.4, mean 18 °C (based on 290 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5012 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.2 ±0.64 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

Daya lenting (Ref. 120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Fec=37).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).

kategori harga (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 2.26 [0.36, 9.58] mg/100g; Iron = 0.116 [0.027, 0.322] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [17.9, 22.4] %; Omega3 = 0.234 [0.093, 0.566] g/100g; Selenium = 12.4 [3.3, 39.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.1 [3.5, 52.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.248 [0.117, 0.533] mg/100g (wet weight);

Orectolobus maculatus (Bonnaterre, 1788)