分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Orectolobiformes (Carpet sharks)
鬚鯊目 (Carpet sharks) >
Orectolobidae (Carpet or nurse sharks)
鬚鮫科 (Carpet or nurse sharks)
Etymology: Orectolobus: orektos (Gr.), stretched out; lobus (L.), from lobos (Gr.), rounded projection or protuberance, referring to long nasal barbels of Squalus barbatus (=O. maculatus). (See ETYFish); maculatus: Latin for spotted, referring to large, 0-shaped markings that densely cover dorsal surface. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Bonnaterre.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 248 m (Ref. 106604), usually 0 - 110 m (Ref. 247). 溫帶; 20°S - 40°S, 113°E - 154°E
Eastern Indian Ocean: southern Australia, from Western Australia to southern Queensland. Records from Japan and the South China Sea need to be confirmed.
東印度洋: 澳洲南部, 從澳洲西部到昆士蘭南部。 來自日本與南中國海的紀錄需要被確認。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 60 - ? cm
Max length : 320 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 247); common length : 180 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 247)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 0. Back dark, with light O-shaped markings obscuring darker saddles (Ref. 13577). Caudal fin with its upper lobe hardly elevated above the body axis, with a strong terminal lobe and subterminal notch but no ventral lobe (Ref. 13577).
背面黑的, 有淡色的使較黑的鞍狀花紋陰暗的 O 形的斑紋.(參考文獻 13577) 尾鰭上葉並不高的上方體軸, 具有一個強韌的端葉與接近端位的凹槽但是沒有腹的葉.(參考文獻 13577)
Found on the continental shelf, from the intertidal down to at least 110 m (Ref. 247). Commonly on coral and rocky reefs, under piers, and on sand bottom (Ref. 247). May occur in water barely deep enough to cover the fish, and has been observed climbing ridges between tide pools with its back out of water (Ref. 247). Nocturnal (Ref. 247). Feeds on bottom invertebrates (Ref. 247), including crabs, lobsters and octopuses (Ref. 43278), and bony fishes (Ref. 247), like sea bass, scorpionfishes and luderick (Ref. 43278). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 43278, 50449), with up to 37 pups in a litter (Ref. 247). Known to bite people that step on it or put their feet near its mouth, and can and will bite when molested and provoked (Ref. 247). Flesh highly regarded and sometimes utilized for human consumption (Ref. 247). Skin sometimes utilized for leather (Ref. 247). Regarded as pest by lobster fishers (Ref. 247).
棲息於大陸棚了, 從潮間帶向下至至少 110 公尺.(參考文獻 247) 通常在珊瑚礁與岩礁上, 在碼頭下面, 與在砂質底部上.(參考文獻 247) 可能出現在水幾乎夠深覆蓋魚, 而且已經被觀察在潮池背部離開水面之間的攀緣而登的脊.(參考文獻 247) 夜行的.(參考文獻 247) 吃底棲無脊椎動物與硬骨魚類。 (參考文獻 247) 卵胎生的 (參考文獻 50449), 多達 37個幼胎一胎.(參考文獻 247) 已知了咬踩到它的人，或者把腳放在它的嘴旁邊, 而且可能會咬當被騷擾激怒.(參考文獻 247) 肉獲高度評價而且有時供人類消費使用。 (參考文獻 247) 皮膚有時被用來做為皮革.(參考文獻 247) 被捕捕龍蝦的漁民認為是有害動物了。 (參考文獻 247)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). One female had 37. Size at birth about 21 cm. Some anecdotal accounts regarding courtship are given. It is said that males in captivity fight vigorously among themselves while courting females. In the process, females are bitten by males in the gill region and one clasper is inserted. In the wild, the males are attracted to the females by some chemical pheromones possibly released by the latter during the breeding season.東印度洋: 澳洲南部, 從澳洲西部到昆士蘭南部。 來自日本與南中國海的紀錄需要被確認。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.3 - 24.4, mean 18 °C (based on 290 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5012 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.64 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec=37).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 2.26 [0.36, 9.58] mg/100g; Iron = 0.116 [0.027, 0.322] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [17.9, 22.4] %; Omega3 = 0.234 [0.093, 0.566] g/100g; Selenium = 12.4 [3.3, 39.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.1 [3.5, 52.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.248 [0.117, 0.533] mg/100g (wet weight);
