Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut bentopelagis. Tropical; 29°N - 32°S, 30°E - 60°E (Ref. 56008)
Western Indian Ocean: Zanzibar, Tanzania to the Xora River mouth, South Africa. Possibly occurring in Seychelles (Ref. 1623).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5499)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)): 15; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)): 8-9; Duri dubur 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 5. Dark brown in color with white or silvery blotch on body (above pectorals) and yellow or black markings (Ref. 5499).
Inhabits shallow subtidal areas among weeds. Rocks back and forth (Ref. 9710).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Poss, S.G., 1986. Tetrarogidae. p. 479. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 5499)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
informasi lanjut
Nama-nama umumSinonim (persamaan)metabolismePemangsaEkotoksikologiReproduksi, perkembang biakanKematanganPemijahanSpawning aggregationFecunditytelur-telurpekembangan telor
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.00780 - 0.04657), b=3.03 (2.82 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).