Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; standorttreu; tiefenbereich ? - 30 m (Ref. 89707). Tropical; 32°N - 5°N, 115°W - 76°W (Ref. 5222)
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 55763); common length : 18.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 55763)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt): 11; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt): 18-20; Afterflossenstacheln 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 9. Distinguished by the following characteristics: Dorsal fin with 11 spines and 18-20 rays: anal fin with 2 spines and 9 rays: pectoral fins with 17-19 rays; caudal fin rounded; smooth scales; lateral line scales 54-62; lateral line scale series 67-75; depth of body distinctly less than HL, depth contained 2.7-3.1 times in SL; caudal peduncle depth 11-12% SL; eye diameter slightly greater than snout length, 4.3-4.7 times HL; rounded preopercle, rear edge distinctly serrate with a large spine (usually hidden by skin) directed downward and forward at the angle; gill rakers 6-8 on upper limb, 14-16 on lower limb (Ref. 89707).
A demersal, rocky reef (Ref. 89707) and shallow-water species, cryptically colored and secretive. Sedentary during the day, hiding in crevices or lying among seaweed, and rely on their effective camouflage to escape detection (sometimes lying and partly covering itself with sand). Nocturnal predators feeding mainly on benthic crustaceans.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: nicht kommerziell
Mehr Information
NamenSynonymeMetabolismusRäuberÖkotoxikologieFortpflanzungGeschlechtsreifeAblaichenSpawning aggregationFecundityEierEientwicklung
ReferenzenAquakulturAquakultur ProfilZuchtlinienGenetikElectrophoresesVererbbarkeitKrankheitenVerarbeitungNutrientsMass conversion
PartnerBilderStamps, Coins Misc.LauteCiguateraGeschwindigkeitSchwimmstilKiemenoberflächeOtolithsGehirngrößeSehfähigkeit
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00558 - 0.02364), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): hoch, Verdopplung der Population dauert weniger als 15 Monate. (Assuming Fec > 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 165 [65, 306] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.59, 2.00] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.8, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.239 [0.141, 0.407] g/100g; Selenium = 44.5 [25.5, 86.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.5 [10.4, 87.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.27 [0.91, 1.85] mg/100g (wet weight);
