Raja radula, Rough ray : fisheries

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Raja radula Delaroche, 1809

Rough ray
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Raja radula   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Raja radula (Rough ray)
Raja radula
Picture by Stergiou, K.I.

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Raja: Latin, raja, -ae = a sting ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien demersaal; diepte ? - 300 m (Ref. 4426). Subtropical; 46°N - 30°N, 8°W - 36°E

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Eastern Atlantic: known only from the Mediterranean but may penetrate through the Strait of Gibraltar and possibly to northern Morocco. Some Atlantic records probably misidentifications of Raja naevus and/or Raja africana.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4426)

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Range from coastal waters to about 300 m depth (Ref. 3167). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals (Ref. 3167). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). About 80-154 eggs are laid by an individual in a year (Ref. 41305).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Spawns throughout the year with maximum number of egg-cases laid in late spring and summer, embryos developing in about 4 months (Ref. 3167). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : McEachran, John | Medewerkers

McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Bedreigd (EN) (A4b); Date assessed: 25 March 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13.4 - 18.4, mean 15 °C (based on 128 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00331 (0.00209 - 0.00525), b=3.20 (3.07 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.54 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Fec=80).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 27.4 [5.4, 126.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.815 [0.213, 2.369] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [15.3, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.723 [0.220, 2.585] g/100g; Selenium = 24.6 [7.1, 73.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.78 [3.77, 24.88] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.587 [0.285, 1.067] mg/100g (wet weight);