分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 50610). 溫帶; 50°N - 42°N
Northwest Pacific: Sea of Japan, from southern Kuril Islands and Primorskii Krai, Russia to Hokkaido.
西北太平洋: 日本海, 從千島群島南部與 Primorskii Krai ，俄國到北海道。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 559); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 559); 最大體重: 24.0 kg (Ref. 56527); 最大年齡: 16 年
Usually inhabits lower and middle reaches of rivers and lakes. A sea-run form is found in the eastern coast of Hokkaido. Young feed mainly on aquatic insects while fishes more than 30 cm are completely piscivorous. Spawns in spring in river branches, where the female lays 2,000-10,000 eggs on sandy or gravelly bottom.
通常居住於河川與湖泊的下游與中游範圍。 一個海洋迴游的形式被發現於北海道的東岸。 幼魚主要吃水生昆蟲然而魚超過 30 公分完全以魚為食。 在河分支中產卵在春天, 在哪裡母魚將 2,000-10,000個卵放在沙或多碎石的底部上。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西北太平洋: 日本海, 從千島群島南部與 Primorskii Krai ，俄國到北海道。
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
極危 (CR) (A4abcd); Date assessed: 31 January 2006
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 實驗的
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.6 - 9, mean 6.1 °C (based on 30 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00437 - 0.01257), b=2.97 (2.82 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 22.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
