分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels)
鱸形目 (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos)
鯖科 (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Euthynnus: Greek, eu = good + Greek, thynnos = tunna (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 1 - 150 m (Ref. 28173). 熱帶; 56°N - 30°S, 92°W - 42°E
Atlantic Ocean: in tropical and subtropical waters, including the Mediterranean, Black Sea, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. Highly migratory species
大西洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域，包括地中海，黑海，加勒比海與墨西哥灣。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 41.8 range ? - 60 cm
Max length : 122 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 80.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 16.5 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 10 年 (Ref. 28173)
背棘 (總數): 15 - 16; 背的軟條 (總數): 11-13; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 15; 脊椎骨: 39. Anterior spines of first dorsal fin much higher than the those mid-way, giving the fin a strongly concave outline. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Body naked except for corselet and lateral line. Swim bladder absent. Incipient protuberances on 33rd and 34th vertebrae. Back with broken oblique stripes (Ref. 168). Caudal peduncle with 7-8 finlets. Dark stripes on the back and with 3-7 dark spots between pelvic and pectoral fins (Ref. 35388).
第一背鰭的前面棘比那些中間者高許多, 給鰭一強烈地凹曲輪廓。 腹鰭間的突起小而兩裂的。 身體裸露的除了甲胄與側線。 泳鰾不存在。 在第 33 與第 34個脊椎骨上的起初的突起。 背面有打破斜的斑紋。 (參考文獻 168) 尾梗有 7-8 離鰭。 在背部上的黑的斑紋而且有三個在腹鰭與胸鰭之間的 -7個深色斑點.(參考文獻 35388)
Found in neritic waters close inshore (Ref. 13628). This schooling species is an opportunistic predator which feeds on virtually everything within its range, i.e. crustaceans, fishes (mainly clupeoid), squids, heteropods and tunicates. Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Specialized traps (madragues) are used in Tunisia and Morocco. Diving bird flocks may indicate large schools (Ref. 9710). Utilized fresh, dried-salted, smoked, canned and frozen (Ref. 9987). A popular game fish (Ref. 9710).
發現於淺海的水域近岸了。 (參考文獻 13628) 這群游性種是事實上吃它的分佈範圍裡面的每件事物的一個隨機的掠食者, 也就是甲殼動物，魚 (主要地鯡魚) ，烏賊，異足蛛與被囊類。 特殊的魚籠 (madragues) 被用於突尼西亞與摩洛哥。 潛水鳥群可能指出大群魚群。 (參考文獻 9710) 生鮮使用 , 乾燥鹽醃,煙燻了, 罐裝及冷凍.(參考文獻 9987) 一個受歡迎的遊釣魚類.(參考文獻 9710)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Eggs are shed in several batches when the water is warmest.大西洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域，包括地中海，黑海，加勒比海與墨西哥灣。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.5 - 27.8, mean 23.3 °C (based on 1094 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00866 - 0.01154), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.13-0.22; tm=2; tmax=8; Fec=71,000).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 5 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.6 [6.9, 118.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.86 [0.70, 4.94] mg/100g; Protein = 23.1 [21.1, 24.8] %; Omega3 = 0.228 [0.133, 0.398] g/100g; Selenium = 58.4 [30.9, 111.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.3 [5.5, 105.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.487 [0.245, 1.888] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
