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List of Freshwater Fishes reported from Madagascar
n = 189
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Table 1: 178 species currently present in the country/island (endemic, native, introduced, reintroduced);
Table 2: 3 species possibly present in the country/island (stray, questionable);
Table 3: 8 species demonstrated to be absent in the country/island (extirpated, not established, misidentification, error).
Table 4: 189 species reported from the country/island altogether.
Table : 189 .
     
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Family Species Author Info Occurrence Common names Abundance Max length Maturity Remark Photo
Sparidae Acanthopagrus berda (Fabricius, 1775) Fr, Br, M native  Ariloha (Malagasy), Sampeha (Malagasy, Sakalava), Sampia (Malagasy, Sakalava), Ambatsindriaka (Malagasy, Tanosy)  90.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 3507. 
Gobiidae Acentrogobius nebulosus (Forsskål, 1775) Fr, Br, M native   18.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4915. 
Gobiidae Acentrogobius therezieni Kiener, 1963 Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4343.  No picture yet.
Mugilidae Agonostomus catalai Pellegrin, 1932 Fr, Br native  Tsindrano (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Tsioka (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  20.00 cm male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Agonostomus telfairi var. catalai: 'Hte Mananano (Madagascar)' (Ref. 93675). Known from east Madagascar (Ref. 93677) and north Madagascar (Ref. 2830). 
Mugilidae Agonostomus telfairii Bennett, 1832 Fr, Br native   75.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Mangoro River (Ref. 26236) and Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). Also Ref. 2830, 3573, 13333, 92079. 
Ambassidae Ambassis ambassis (Lacepède, 1802) Fr, Br, M native  Ambache du large (French), Ambache (Creole, French), Ambasse (French), Samboranda (Malagasy), Ambatsy (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Akimbatsy (Malagasy, Sakalava), Kimbatsy (Malagasy, Sakalava)  15.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from volcanic crater lakes (e.g. AMNH 230694, lake Andjavibe, Nosy-Bé) and occurrence is attributed to natural events rather than artificial stocking. Materials examined, RUSI 32152 (1:61 mm SL); RUSI 45356 (3:97-127 mm SL); MNHN 1960-0230 (3:85-105 mm SL) (Ref. 50956). Also Ref. 4318, 56151, 79840. 
Ambassidae Ambassis fontoynonti Pellegrin, 1932 Fr endemic   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality, Faraony River, MNHN 1932-175 (lectotype of Ambassis fontoynonti, 5.3 cm SL) (Ref. 50956). Also Ref. 4180, 56151.  No picture yet.
Ambassidae Ambassis gymnocephalus (Lacepède, 1802) Fr, Br, M native   16.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4517, 33390. 
Ambassidae Ambassis natalensis Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 Fr, Br, M native  Ambache (Creole, French)  10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  One record from a large lake, lac Kinkony, Mahajanga Prov. (Ref. 50956). Also Ref. 4180, 56151, 57749, 79840. 
Ambassidae Ambassis urotaenia Bleeker, 1852 Fr, Br native  Ambache (Creole, French)  14.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 13333. 
Anchariidae Ancharius fuscus Steindachner, 1880 Fr endemic  occasional (usually not seen) 22.12 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Ancharius fuscus: Tohizona, Madagascar' (Ref. 97287). Known from river drainages spanning much of the eastern coast of Madagascar (Ref. 3876, 56175), including Tohizona River (Ref. 56142, 97287), Onibe River (Ref. 56142), Mananjary River (Ref. 56142), Mangoro River (Ref. 26236, 56142) and Mananara River (Ref. 56142). Also Ref. 13333, 56151. 
Anchariidae Ancharius griseus Ng & Sparks, 2005 Fr endemic    24.38 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Ancharius griseus: 'Madagascar: Toliara province, Ihazofotsy River near Isalo, approximately 2-hour hike from Sakalama Village' (Ref. 56142). Known from two tributaries, Izahofotsy and Ilanana, within the Onilahy River drainage in southcentral Madagascar (Ref. 56142). 
Anguillidae Anguilla bicolor McClelland, 1844 Fr, Br, M native  Anguille bicolore (French), Z'amab (Creole, French), Z'anguille (Creole, French), Amalona (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  123 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 3971, 13333, 33390, 79840, 129076. 
Anguillidae Anguilla labiata (Peters, 1852) Fr, Br, M native  occasional (usually not seen) 175 cm TL male/unsexed   
Anguillidae Anguilla marmorata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 Fr, Br, M native  Anguille marbrée (French), Z'amab (Creole, French), Z'anguille (Creole, French), Amalombandana (Malagasy), Amalomaitso (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Amalona (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Drietra (Malagasy, Sakalava)  70.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;200 cm TL female  Collected at the Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). Also Ref. 3506, 3971, 13333, 33390, 79840. 
Anguillidae Anguilla mossambica (Peters, 1852) Fr, Br, M native  Anguille du Mozambique (French), Z'amab (Creole, French), Z'anguille (Creole, French), Amalomainty (Malagasy), Amalomaitso (Malagasy), Tona (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  150 cm TL male/unsexed ;120 cm SL female  Recorded from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236). Collected at the Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). Also Ref. 3971, 7248, 13333, 33390. 
Ariidae Arius africanus Günther, 1867 Fr, Br native   45.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Many of the records for Arius africanus in Madagascar need confirmation (Ref. 56174). Also Ref. 3876, 13333. 
Ariidae Arius festinus Ng & Sparks, 2003 Fr endemic   15.14 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Arius festinus: 'Madagascar: Amboaboa River, near its confluence with the Mangarahara River (left bank tributary of the Sofia River)' (Ref. 56505). Known from the Amboaboa River (Ref. 56505).  No picture yet.
Ariidae Arius madagascariensis Vaillant, 1894 Fr, Br, M native  Vahona (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Gogo (Malagasy, Sakalava)  70.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the lower and middle reaches of rivers and especially common in western Madagascar (Ref. 56174, 56505). Also Ref. 3876, 13333. 
Ariidae Arius uncinatus Ng & Sparks, 2003 Fr endemic   19.92 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Arius uncinatus: 'Madagascar: Lake Andrapongy, near Antsohihy' (Ref. 56505). Known from Lake Andrapongy (Ref. 56505).  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Awaous aeneofuscus (Peters, 1852) Fr, Br native  Toho (Malagasy ), Tohobaka (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Tohoborivava (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Tohofasina (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  26.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Collected at the Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). Also Ref. 4343, 79840. 
Gobiidae Awaous commersoni (Schneider, 1801) Fr, Br native   25.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Gobiidae Awaous macrorhynchus (Bleeker, 1867) Fr native   38.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4343.  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Bathygobius fuscus (Rüppell, 1830) Fr, Br native   12.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Bedotiidae Bedotia albomarginata Sparks & Rush, 2005 Fr endemic  Zono (Malagasy)  8.82 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Bedotia albomarginata: 'Madagascar: southeastern highlands: Fianarantsoa Province: Mananara drainage basin: Sahapindra River: near towns of Vondrozo and Vevembe' (Ref. 56501). Known from small forested to moderately degraded tributaries in the upper to middle reaches of the Mananara and Rienana rivers (Ref. 56501). 
Bedotiidae Bedotia alveyi Jones, Smith & Sparks, 2010 Fr endemic  Zono (Malagasy)   8.49 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Bedotia alveyi: 'Madagascar, Province of Toamasina, small stream just north of Ambodivoankongy, tributary of Antainambalana River, Sahavilory, 15°17'24.0"S, 49°37'02.4"E' (Ref. 84245). Known from tributaries of Antainambalana River (Ref. 84245) and Vohimaro River (Ref. 84245).  No picture yet.
Bedotiidae Bedotia geayi Pellegrin, 1907 Fr endemic   9.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Mananjary River (Ref. 76768). Northern range cannot be precisely determined; not present in the Namorona River (Ref. 76768). Also Ref. 4114, 13333, 40787, 56501, 56961, 96477. 
Bedotiidae Bedotia leucopteron Loiselle & Rodriguez, 2007 Fr, Thr endemic  common (usually seen) 7.19 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of B. leucopteron: 'Sandrakatrana Stream at Ampasimbe Village, Toamasina Province, Madagascar. Altitude 126 m. Rianila drainage' (Ref. 76768). Known from the middle reaches of the Iaroka-Rianila basin (Ref. 76768). 
Bedotiidae Bedotia longianalis Pellegrin, 1914 Fr endemic      No picture yet.
Bedotiidae Bedotia madagascariensis Regan, 1903 Fr endemic   8.59 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from lower reaches of coastal rivers from the Ivoloina River in the north to the Manambolo Creek in the south (Ref. 76758). Also Ref. 4114, 13333, 56151, 56177, 56961, 56501, 96477. 
Bedotiidae Bedotia marojejy Stiassny & Harrison, 2000 Fr endemic   4.77 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.66 cm SL female  Type locality of holotype of Bedotia marojejy: 'ca 28 km NE of the town of Andapa, at the SE boundary of the PN de Marojejy, banks of the Manantenina River' (Lokoho River basin) (Ref. 39866). Known from Lokoho River (Ref. 56177). 
Bedotiidae Bedotia masoala Sparks, 2001 Fr endemic  Zono (Malagasy), Zono (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  8.71 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of holotype of Bedotia masoala: 'Madagascar, Antalaha Province, Masoala Peninsula, Ankavanana River (15°18'14.4"S-50°13'20.1"E)' (Ref. 40787). Known only from the Ankavanana River and its smaller tributaries (Ref. 40787), and Ankavia River (Ref. 56177). Also Ref. 56151.  No picture yet.
Bedotiidae Bedotia tricolor Pellegrin, 1932 Fr endemic      No picture yet.
Butidae Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822) Fr, Br, M native  Butis à épaulette noire (French), Toho (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  15.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 13333. 
Butidae Butis koilomatodon (Bleeker, 1849) Fr, Br, M native    10.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 6802, 82489, 92840. 
Cyprinidae Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr introduced  Carassin doré (French), Dame céré (Creole, French), Madanm séré (Creole, French), Monbrun (Creole, French), Poisson rouge (French)  48.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 1739. 
Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus amboinensis (Müller & Henle, 1839) Fr, Br, M native   280 cm TL male/unsexed  May enter fresh water (Ref. 5485). Also Ref. 9997, 33390. 
Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839) Fr, Br, M native  Boriloha (Malagasy)  360 cm TL male/unsexed ;400 cm TL female  It penetrates rivers up to about 100 km (Ref. 13296). Known from Lake Kinkony (Ref. 13296) and Pangalanes-Est (Ref. 13296). Also Ref. 33390. 
Channidae Channa maculata (Lacepède, 1801) Fr introduced   20.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Introduced by then President Didier Ratsiraka between 1976 to 1978. Initially stocked in Antananarivo (upper reaches of Betsiboka river) and Vatomandry on east coast. Flooding from monsoon rains washed the snakeheads out of ponds in both localities and into adjacent natural waters (Ref. 52954). Recorded from all basins between Ivoloina and the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236, 52954). 
Channidae Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) Fr introduced   100.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Its introduction coupled with habitat degradation have been implicated in the severely restricted distribution and displacement of the endemic Paratilapia polleni (Ref. 38879). Also Ref. 13333. 
Chanidae Chanos chanos (Fabricius, 1775) Fr, Br, M native  Sandry (Malagasy), Vango (Malagasy), Fiamandry (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Vango (Malagasy, Sakalava)  180 cm SL male/unsexed ;124 cm SL female  Known from western and northwestern basins, and eastern lowlands (Ref. 56151). Ascends freshwater lakes (Ref. 49) and rivers, including the Onilahy (Ref. 91201) and Mahavavy (Ref. 13296) and lakes Kinkony and Sahapy (Ref. 91225); common in all lakes of the west coast, including those of the Antsalova area and of the rivers Tsiribihina and Miandrivazo (Ref. 13296). Also Ref. 12484, 33390, 56151, 91224, 129076. 
Cichlidae Coptodon rendalli (Boulenger, 1897) Fr, Br introduced   45.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Kinkony (Ref. 88). Also Ref. 6465, 13333. 
Cichlidae Coptodon zillii (Gervais, 1848) Fr, Br introduced  abundant (always seen in some numbers) 40.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Kinkony. Also recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 88, 13333. 
Gobiidae Croilia mossambica Smith, 1955 Fr, Br, M native   6.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4343. 
Cyprinidae Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 Fr, Fi, Aq introduced   120 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 12228, 13333. 
Eleotridae Eleotris acanthopomus Bleeker, 1853 Fr, Br native   14.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). 
Eleotridae Eleotris diamsoi Mennesson, Keith & Feunteun, 2020 Fr endemic   6.46 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Eleotris diamsoi: 'Sahana River, Madagascar' (Ref. 123271). Known from Sahana River (Ref. 123271) and Ankazofotsy River (Ref. 123271). 
Eleotridae Eleotris fusca (Forster, 1801) Fr, Br, M native  Eléotris brun (French), Cabot noir (Creole, French), Tohomainty (Malagasy), Boridoa (Malagasy, Sakalava), Borodoa mainty (Malagasy, Sakalava)  26.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Collected at the Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). 
Eleotridae Eleotris mauritiana Bennett, 1832 Fr, Br native   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Eleotridae Eleotris pellegrini Maugé, 1984 Fr, Br native   23.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the syntypes of Eleotris pellegrini: 'Madagascar' (Ref. 127682). Known from the mangroves of Madagascar (Ref. 6802). Also Ref. 13333. 
Eleotridae Eleotris sahanaensis Mennesson, Keith & Feunteun, 2020 Fr endemic   4.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Eleotris sahanaensis: 'Sahana River, Madagascar' (Ref. 123271). Known from Sahana River (Ref. 123271) and Andrepona River (Ref. 123271). 
Eleotridae Eleotris valadei Keith, Mennesson & Henriette, 2020 Fr native   9.93 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Ambodiforaha River (Ref. 123271). 
Eleotridae Eleotris vomerodentata Maugé, 1984 Fr endemic   7.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Eleotris vomerodentata: 'Pangalanes à Andevoranto, côte Est de Madagascar' (Ref. 127682). Known from East Madagascar (Ref. 6802, 127682). Also Ref. 13333.  No picture yet.
Esocidae Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 Fr, Br not established   137 cm FL male/unsexed ;150 cm TL female  Introduction reportedly failed to establish (Ref. 13333). 
Apogonidae Fibramia lateralis (Valenciennes, 1832) Fr, Br, M native   11.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Ariidae Galeichthys feliceps Valenciennes, 1840 Fr, Br questionable   55.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Reported from the country in Ref. 13333. Outside distributional range, needs further confirmation (Ref. 85159). 
Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard, 1853) Fr, Br introduced  Gambusie (French)  5.10 cm TL male/unsexed ;7.00 cm TL female   
Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859 Fr introduced  Pirina (Malagasy), Ampirina (Malagasy, Merina)  4.70 cm TL male/unsexed ;8.00 cm TL female  Recorded from the Vondrozo region (Ref. 39915). 
Gerreidae Gerres filamentosus Cuvier, 1829 Fr, Br, M native  Tsaratsaina (Malagasy), Tsarasaina (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  39.00 cm TL male/unsexed 9 TL Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 4323, 13333. 
Ehiravidae Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist, 1913) Fr, Br error    9.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Reported from Madagascar (Ref. 3509, 13333, 117576), but its presence is not confirmed and this species does not occur in Madagascar (Ref. 33664). 
Eleotridae Giuris margaritaceus (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr native  Eléotris serpent (French)  29.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Gobiidae Glossogobius ankaranensis Banister, 1994 Fr endemic   5.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Subterranean river, Ankarana reserve, n. Madagascar.  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Glossogobius callidus (Smith, 1937) Fr native  Gobie comorien (French)  12.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Gobiidae Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton, 1822) Fr, Br native  Gobie giurus (French), Tohobe (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Tohotsipototra (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Boridoa fotsy (Malagasy, Sakalava)  50.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236) and from Vondrozo region (Ref. 39915). Also Ref. 12484, 13333. 
Gobiidae Gobiodon rivulatus (Rüppell, 1830) Fr, Br, M native   6.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4343. 
Kraemeriidae Gobitrichinotus arnoulti Kiener, 1963 Fr endemic   4.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality, Andevoranto, Kalomalala (Ref. 50838).  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Gobius hypselosoma Bleeker, 1867 Fr, Br native   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4343.  No picture yet.
Anchariidae Gogo arcuatus Ng & Sparks, 2005 Fr endemic    18.08 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Gogo arcuatus: 'Madagascar: Fianarantsoa province, Andriambondro River, 16 km N of Karianga at town of Mahevelo (tributary of Rienana River)' (Ref. 56142). Known from Sandrananta River drainage in the southeastern highlands of Madagascar (Ref. 56142). Also Ref. 39915, 75790. 
Anchariidae Gogo atratus Ng, Sparks & Loiselle, 2008 Fr endemic  abundant (always seen in some numbers) 17.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Gogo atratus: 'Madagascar, Toamasina province, main channel of Mananara River at Antonibaolina village, 108 m above sea level (Mananara du Nord drainage)' (Ref. 75790). Known from Mananara du Nord River drainage in the northeastern highlands of Madagascar (Ref. 75790). 
Anchariidae Gogo brevibarbis (Boulenger, 1911) Fr endemic    12.02 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Ancharius brevibarbis: 'Ambohimango, Madagascar' (Ref. 2988). Known from Mananjary River basin in the southeastern highlands of Madagascar (Ref. 50351, 56142). Reported from Vondrozo and Vevembe region in southeastern Madagascar (Ref. 39915), but these are misidentifications of Gogo arcuatus (Ref. 56142). Also reported from Mangoro River basin (Ref. 26236), but these are misidentifications of Gogo ornatus (Ref. 56142). Also Ref. 3876, 56151, 56175, 75790. 
Anchariidae Gogo ornatus Ng & Sparks, 2005 Fr endemic    21.23 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Gogo ornatus: 'Madagascar: Toamasina province, Mangoro River, 200 m upstream of ferry crossing on road to Marolambo' (Ref. 56142). Known only from Mangoro River drainage on the east coast of Madagascar (Ref. 26236, 56142, 75790). Report of Ancharius brevibarbis from Mananjary River (Ref. 50351), is thought to be a misidentification of Gogo ornatus by Ng & Sparks (2005) (Ref. 56142), but it does not correspond with the distribution data in the same reference; therefore it is supposed to be an error. 
Arapaimidae Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) Fr, Aq introduced   100.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Introduced in 1963 (Ref. 13333, 50351) and known from the Canal des Pangalenes (Ref. 1978). Also Ref. 1739, 2920, 3514, 13296, 13364. 
Dorosomatidae Hilsa kelee (Cuvier, 1829) Fr, Br, M native  Kelee shad (English), Alose palli (French), Ampina (Malagasy), Karapapaka (Malagasy, Sakalava)   35.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Betsiboka River (Ref. 117576), Nosy Be (Ref. 117576) and coastal waters (Ref. 9391). Also Ref. 188. 
Syngnathidae Hippichthys cyanospilos (Bleeker, 1854) Fr, Br, M native   16.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 5316, 56151. 
Xenocyprididae Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844) Fr not established   120 cm TL male/unsexed  Has established in aquaculture through assisted/artificial reproduction. Has not established in the wild (Ref. 1739). 
Eleotridae Hypseleotris cyprinoides (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr, Br, M native  Eléotris cyprin (French)  8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 79840. 
Eleotridae Hypseleotris tohizonae (Steindachner, 1880) Fr endemic   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 6802, 13333. 
Cichlidae Katria katria (Reinthal & Stiassny, 1997) Fr endemic  abundant (always seen in some numbers) 12.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Currently only known from a short stretch of the Nosivolo River, a large southern tributary of the Mangoro River (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 39915. 
Kuhliidae Kuhlia caudavittata (Lacepède, 1802) Fr, Br, M native  Doule à queue rayée (French), Doule de mer (Creole, French)  25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 6799, 33390, 57749. 
Kuhliidae Kuhlia mugil (Forster, 1801) Fr, Br, M native  Kuhlie mulet (French), Doule de mer (Creole, French), Doule à queue rubanée (French), Sampir (Malagasy), Poamaso (Malagasy, Sakalava), Sampia (Malagasy, Sakalava)  40.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 41640, 4517, 6799, 12484, 33390. 
Kuhliidae Kuhlia rupestris (Lacepède, 1802) Fr, Br native  Kuhlie des rochers (French), Carpe (Creole, French), Doule de roche (Creole, French), Fiambato (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Fiampossy (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Fiana (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Poamaso (Malagasy, Sakalava)  45.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236) and from Vondrozo region (Ref. 39915). Also Ref. 13333, 33390, 56151, 79840. 
Kuhliidae Kuhlia sauvagii Regan, 1913 Fr endemic   18.10 cm SL male/unsexed   
Cyprinidae Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) Fr introduced   200 cm TL male/unsexed   
Centrarchidae Lepomis cyanellus Rafinesque, 1819 Fr not established   31.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Centrarchidae Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819 Fr introduced   41.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 13333. 
Osphronemidae Macropodus opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr introduced   6.70 cm SL male/unsexed   
Megalopidae Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782) Fr, Br, M native  Makosa (Malagasy), Bekalana (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Bokalana (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Bekapoka (Malagasy, Sakalava), Besisika (Malagasy, Sakalava)  150 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 1602, 12484, 33390. 
Terapontidae Mesopristes elongatus (Guichenot, 1866) Fr, Br endemic   16.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 3539, 13333. 
Anabantidae Microctenopoma ansorgii (Boulenger, 1912) Fr introduced   5.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from River Mangoro, a large river with rocky and sandy habitats, low waterfalls, rapids and some deep pools, lying at an altitude of around 850 m asl in the northeast central rainforest east from the town of Antananarivo (Ref. 13364). Also Ref. 13333. 
Syngnathidae Microphis brachyurus (Bleeker, 1854) Fr, Br, M native  scarce (very unlikely) 22.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4281, 7248. 
Syngnathidae Microphis fluviatilis (Peters, 1852) Fr, Br, M native   21.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Environment needs better reference. Also Ref. 4281, 56151. 
Syngnathidae Microphis leiaspis (Bleeker, 1854) Fr, Br native   19.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 5316, 56151. 
Syngnathidae Microphis millepunctatus (Kaup, 1856) Fr, Br, M native   22.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 5316, 13333, 33390. 
Centrarchidae Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802) Fr introduced   97.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Its introduction coupled with habitat degradation have been implicated in the severely restricted distribution and displacement of the endemic Paratilapia polleni (Ref. 38879). Also Ref. 13333. 
Mugilidae Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Fr, Br native  Antafa (Malagasy, Sakalava), Antendro (Malagasy), Jompo (Malagasy), Zompona (Malagasy), Zompona (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Tororaka (Malagasy, Sakalava)  100.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Gobiidae Mugilogobius mertoni (Weber, 1911) Fr, Br native  Gobi milet (Creole, French)  6.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Salmonidae Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) Fr, Aq introduced   122 cm TL male/unsexed  Introduced from France to Madagascar in 1922 (Ref. 1739, 91224, 94653). Also Ref. 13296, 13333. 
Salmonidae Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum, 1792) Fr not established   150 cm TL male/unsexed   
Butidae Ophiocara macrolepidota (Bloch, 1792) Fr endemic   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 6802. 
Butidae Ophiocara porocephala (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr, Br native  Eléotris à tête poreuse (Creole, French), Makanbale latet ron (French)  34.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cichlidae Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864) Fr introduced   45.70 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cichlidae Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger, 1912) Fr introduced   43.00 cm TL male/unsexed 14 SL Origin of introduced specimens unknown; at least data from Ref. 13296 probably applies to O. mweruensis, based on the star-shaped nest shown in plate 18. Introduced in 1951 (Ref. 13296, 13333) or 1955 (Ref. 1739, 9527). Introduced to Lakes Itasy (Ref. 354, 356, 13296, 27445) and Alaotra (Ref. 354, 356, 9527, 13296, 27445) in 1958, but apparently disappeared from the former in 1972 (Ref. 356, 27445). Also introduced to Lake Mantasoa, in 1952, but without succes (Ref. 356), and to the Majunga area (including Lake Kinkony) and the Antsirabe area (Ref. 13296). 
Cichlidae Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) Fr, Br introduced  Sembaka (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  39.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Introduced in 1956 by the Forestry Service for rizipisciculture (Ref. 39866). Introduced to Lake Alaotra in 1960 (Ref. 13364) or 1961 (Ref. 27445), and Lake Itasy in 1961-1962 (Ref. 13364, 27445), but seems to have disappeared in the latter (Ref. 27445). Present in rice fish culture and in the wild but its importance in fisheries is declining. Recorded from the lower Mangoro river and Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236), and the Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). Widespread throughout the island (Ref. 39866). Also Ref. 3, 1739, 3089, 13333, 27445. 
Cichlidae Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr, Br introduced  Tilapia du Nil (French), Petit lapia (Creole, French), Tilapia (Creole, French)  60.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river and Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 1739, 13333. 
Cichlidae Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger, 1897 Fr, Br not established   39.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Cichlidae Oreochromis spilurus (Günther, 1894) Fr introduced   19.20 cm SL male/unsexed ;16.30 cm female   
Osphronemidae Osphronemus goramy Lacepède, 1801 Fr introduced   70.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 1739, 13333, 13364. 
Cichlidae Oxylapia polli Kiener & Maugé, 1966 Fr endemic   12.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 5670, 13333.  No picture yet.
Aplocheilidae Pachypanchax arnoulti Loiselle, 2006 Fr endemic   5.88 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Pachypanchax arnoulti: 'F2 descendant of fish collected from a Pandanus-Dracaena swamp draining into a tributary stream of the Ikopa River, flowing parallel to RN-4 at Antanimbary Village' (Ref. 57724). 
Aplocheilidae Pachypanchax omalonotus (Duméril, 1861) Fr endemic   9.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of Poecilia omalonota: 'Nossi-Be, a small island off NW coast of Madagascar' (Ref. 3788). It probably ranges from the Sambirano drainage northward to the tip of the Cap d'Ambre in the northwest (Ref. 56194). Live specimens were brought to France in 1953 from Maevatanana (about 100 km SW Majunga in Betsiboka drainage), W Madagascar (Ref. 6064). Also Ref. 3788, 13333, 27139. 
Aplocheilidae Pachypanchax patriciae Loiselle, 2006 Fr endemic   5.18 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of the holotype of Pachypanchax patriciae: 'Ampandra River ca. 2 km upstream of village of the same name' (Ref. 57724). Known from the Mananjeba, Mahavavy du Nord, Ifasy, Manehoko and Ampandra river basins in northwestern Madagascar (Ref. 57724). Habitat loss caused by deforestation of the watersheds of the Mananjeba, Mahavavy du Nord and Ifasy rivers poses threats to the survival of the northern populations (Ref. 57724). Classified as vulnerable based on the criteria established by the World Conservation Union (Ref. 57724). 
Aplocheilidae Pachypanchax playfairii (Günther, 1866) Fr questionable   10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Reports of Pachypanchax playfairii in Madagascar are dubious (Ref. 13333). 
Aplocheilidae Pachypanchax sakaramyi (Holly, 1928) Fr endemic   9.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the eastern versant of the Massif d'Ambre (Ref. 56194). Also Ref. 27139, 3788. 
Aplocheilidae Pachypanchax sparksorum Loiselle, 2006 Fr endemic  fairly common (chances are about 50%) 5.53 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Pachypanchax sparksorum: 'Bentainkilotra Creek' (Ref. 57724). Known from streams flowing into the Ankofia River and from its principal tributary, the Anjingo; occurrence in the Maevarano, the next drainage to the north, needs confirmation (Ref. 57724). Present in substantial numbers throughout its range but because of itsc circumscribed distribution this species is classified as endangered based on the criteria established by the World Conservation Union (Ref. 57724). 
Aplocheilidae Pachypanchax varatraza Loiselle, 2006 Fr endemic   6.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Pachypanchax varatraza: 'Mahazava Creek at village of the same name (Ref. 57724). Known from Menambery, Fanambana and Ampanobe river basins in northeastern Madagascar. It has been extirpated from the lower reaches of these basins by an exotic predator, Channa maculata (Ref. 57724). Based on the criteria set by the World Conservation Union, this species is classified as a species of special concern, whose status needs to be monitored on a regular basis (Ref. 57724). 
Pantanodontidae Pantanodon madagascariensis (Arnoult, 1963) Fr, Br endemic   3.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Known only from forested areas in the region of Mahambo (Ref. 56195). It is presumed extinct (Ref. 56195). Also Ref. 3788, 13333, 27139.  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Paratilapia polleni Bleeker, 1868 Fr endemic  Marakely (Malagasy), Marakely (Malagasy, Merina)  28.00 cm TL male/unsexed 10 SL Recorded from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236). Collected at the Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549). .Also Ref. 5674, 13333, 39915. 
Cichlidae Paretroplus dambabe Sparks, 2002 Fr endemic    18.68 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus dambabe: 'Madagascar, Majunga Province, south of Mitsinjo, Mahavavy (du Sud) drainage basin, Lake Kinkony (16°05'37.7"S, 45°51'37.4"E)' (Ref. 117174). Known from Lake Kinkony (Ref. 78623, 117174) and Mahavavy Sud River (Ref. 78623, 117174). 
Cichlidae Paretroplus damii Bleeker, 1868 Fr endemic  Damba (Malagasy)   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the syntypes of Paretroplus damii: 'Nossibe (Lacus Pambilao)' (Ref. 117163). Known from northwestern part of Madagascar (Ref. 5675, 78623) and Nossi-Bé (Ref. 117163). Reports from Mahanara River (Ref. 78623) refer to Paretroplus loisellei (Ref. 86507). Also Ref. 13333. 
Cichlidae Paretroplus gymnopreopercularis Sparks, 2008 Fr endemic  Melemshiska (Malagasy)   14.67 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus gymnopreopercularis: 'northeastern Madagascar: Mahajanga Province: northeast of town of Mandritsara: Amboaboa River, near confluence with Mangarahara River: 15°50'1.0"S, 48°42'51.0"E, altitude 210.3 m' (Ref. 78623). Known from Mangarahara River (Ref. 78623).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Paretroplus kieneri Arnoult, 1960 Fr endemic  Kotsovato (Malagasy)   15.88 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus kieneri: 'lac Kinkony, Madagascar' (Ref. 117167). Known from Lake Kinkony (Ref. 78623, 117167), Mahavavy Sud River (Ref. 78623), Betsiboka River (Ref. 78623) and Mahajamba River (Ref. 78623). Also Ref. 5675, 13333. 
Cichlidae Paretroplus lamenabe Sparks, 2008 Fr endemic  Big red cichlid (English), Lamena (Malagasy), Damba (Malagasy), Tsimoly (Malagasy)   18.43 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus lamenabe: 'northwestern Madagascar: Majunga (= Mahajanga) Province: Mahajamba River at Androka' (Ref. 78623). Known from Mahajamba River (Ref. 78623). Also Ref. 86507. 
Cichlidae Paretroplus loisellei Sparks & Schelly, 2011 Fr endemic  Ventitry (Malagasy)   14.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus loisellei: 'Madagascar: Antsiranana Province: Mahanara River: ca. 4 km northwest of Antsirabe-Nord: 13°57'18.0" S, 49°56'12.0" E' (Ref. 86507). Known from Mahanara River (Ref. 86507). 
Cichlidae Paretroplus maculatus Kiener & Maugé, 1966 Fr endemic  Masovoatoaka (Malagasy)   14.81 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the syntypes of Paretroplus maculatus: 'nord-ouest de Madagascar' (Ref. 117170). Known from northwest Madagascar (Ref. 5675, 117170) in Betsiboka River drainage (Ref. 78623). Also Ref. 13333. 
Cichlidae Paretroplus maromandia Sparks & Reinthal, 1999 Fr endemic    12.97 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus maromandia: 'Madagascar, Region of Maromandia, Antalaha Province, Maintsomalaza River, near confluence of Adranomalaza and Manongarivo rivers, downstream from where these two rivers unite, immediately south of the village of Maromandia (S: 14°12', E: 48°04')' (Ref. 39755). Known from Andranomalaza River (Ref. 39755, 78623), Maevarano River (Ref. 78623) and Lake Andrapongy (Ref. 78623). 
Cichlidae Paretroplus menarambo Allgayer, 1996 Fr endemic    16.68 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus menarambo: 'Lac Sarodrano, Potamasina, bassin de la Sofia (zone de pêche V de Kiener), Madagascar' (Ref. 42420). Known from Sofia River basin (Ref. 42420, 78623). 
Cichlidae Paretroplus nourissati (Allgayer, 1998) Fr endemic    15.82 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Lamena nourissati: 'la rivière Mangarahara près de Mandritsara, nord-est de Madagascar' (Ref. 59345). Known from Sofia River basin (Ref. 40691, 59345, 78623). Also Ref. 52307. 
Cichlidae Paretroplus petiti Pellegrin, 1929 Fr endemic  Kotso (Malagasy), Kotso (Malagasy, Sakalava)   11.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus petiti: 'Rivière de Maintimaso (province de Majunga)' (Ref. 117166). Known from Betsikoba River (Ref. 78623). Also Ref. 5675, 13333.  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Paretroplus polyactis Bleeker, 1878 Fr, Br endemic  Borivava (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Masovoatoaka (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Tilapia (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)   18.38 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the syntypes of Paretroplus polyactis: 'Madagascar orientalis (Manahare); in fluviis' (Ref. 117165). Known from eastern coast of Madagascar (Ref. 5675, 78623), including Mananjary River (Ref. 78623), Mangoro River (Ref. 26236, 78623), Antainambalana River (Ref. 78623) and Lokoho River (Ref. 78623). Also Ref. 13333, 39915. 
Cichlidae Paretroplus tsimoly Stiassny, Chakrabarty & Loiselle, 2001 Fr endemic  Tsimoly (Malagasy, Sakalava) abundant (always seen in some numbers) 25.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;14.03 cm SL female  Type locality of the holotype of Paretroplus tsimoly: 'Madagascar: Majunga Province: Akalimilotrabe River (variant spelling, Kalamilotra) at the village of the same name, ca. 43 km NW of Maevatanana (16°48'08"S 47°00'57"E), 318 m above sea level' (Ref. 40691). Known from Betsiboka River basin (Ref. 40691, 78623). 
Pristigasteridae Pellona ditchela Valenciennes, 1847 Fr, Br, M native  Indian pellona (English), Alose-écaille indienne (French), Sorindra (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Bemaso (Malagasy, Sakalava)   16.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from western coast of Madagascar (Ref. 188, 3509) and estuaries (Ref. 13296), including lower Mangoro River (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 188, 9391, 13333, 56151, 117576. 
Ophichthidae Pisodonophis boro (Hamilton, 1822) Fr, Br native   100.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Ophichthidae Pisodonophis cancrivorus (Richardson, 1848) Fr, Br, M native   108 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 33390. 
Mugilidae Planiliza alata (Steindachner, 1892) Fr, Br, M native   75.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Mugil alatus: 'Fluss im Innern von Madagascar in der Umgebung von Antananarivo' (Ref. 93797). Also Ref. 9812. 
Mugilidae Planiliza macrolepis (Smith, 1846) Fr, Br, M native  Zompona (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  60.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 3573, 13333, 129076. 
Mugilidae Planiliza melinoptera (Valenciennes, 1836) Fr native   30.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Museum: Marohogo River, Majunga, MTUF uncat. (Ref. 27471). 
Haemulidae Plectorhinchus gibbosus (Lacepède, 1802) Fr, Br, M native   75.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. Ref. 79840. 
Ariidae Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr, Br, M native   85.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 3976, 56174, 56505. 
Poeciliidae Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859 Fr introduced   5.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm SL female   
Pristidae Pristis microdon Latham, 1794 Fr, Br, M native   700 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 13296, Ref. 33390. 
Pristidae Pristis pectinata Latham, 1794 Fr, Br, M questionable   760 cm TL male/unsexed  Status is based on Heemstra's note (Ref. 11228) that presence in southern Africa is dubious, due to previous confusion with P. zijsron. 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis curvidens Stiassny & Sparks, 2006 Fr endemic   14.68 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Ptychochromis curvidens: 'northern Madagascar, Antsiranana (Diego Suarez) Province, Andranfanjava, Andranofanjava-Sandriapiana River system' (Ref. 57663). Known from a few westward flowing rivers draining the western flank of Montagne d'Ambre in extreme northern Madagascar (Ref. 57663). 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis ernestmagnusi Sparks & Stiassny, 2010 Fr endemic    14.66 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Ptychochromis ernestmagnusi: 'Mananara (du nord) River at Antanambaobe Village (16°16'01"S, 49°40'01"E), Madagascar, 120 m a.s.l.' (Ref. 83427). Known from Mananara (du nord) River (Ref. 83427).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Ptychochromis grandidieri Sauvage, 1882 Fr, Br endemic   21.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the eastern drainages, and most commonly found at low elevations in coastal regions (Ref. 50642). 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis inornatus Sparks, 2002 Fr, Br endemic  Tsipoy (Malagasy), Juba (Malagasy) fairly common (chances are about 50%) 12.23 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Anjingo R., Ankofia drainage, NE of Antsohihy, Antalaha /Majunga Province. Endemic to the Ankofia drainage basin and its tributaries, including Anjingo R. and Lac Andrapongy, in the northwestern part of the country. Place of occurrence are generally shallow, clear, moderate ro swift flowing, subject to vast seasonal fluctuation in water level and flow rate. Common in the small and densely forested Bemahavony R. within the reserve than in the surrounding larger river channels (Ref. 41510). 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis insolitus Stiassny & Sparks, 2006 Fr endemic   5.48 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Ptychochromis insolitus: 'northeastern Madagascar, Mahajanga Province, near town of Mandritsara, Sofia drainage basin, Amboaboa (=Ambomboa) River' (Ref. 57663). Known from tributaries of the Sofia River, a westward flowing basin in northeastern Madagascar (Ref. 57663). 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis loisellei Stiassny & Sparks, 2006 Fr endemic  fairly common (chances are about 50%) 11.86 cm male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Ptychochromis loisellei: 'northeastern Madagascar, Antsiranana Province, north of Sambava, Mahanara River at Antsirabe-Nord, just upstream of bridge over route N-5' (Ref. 57663). Known from the Mahanara River and its tributaries (Ref. 57663). 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis mainty Martinez, Arroyave & Sparks, 2015 Fr endemic    14.88 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Ptychochromis mainty: 'Fort Dauphin region, Taolagnaro, Madagascar' (Ref. 105395). Known only from Fort Dauphin region near Taolagnaro in extreme southeastern Madagascar (Ref. 105395).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Ptychochromis makira Stiassny & Sparks, 2006 Fr endemic    14.62 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Ptychochromis makira: 'northeastern Madagascar, Toamasina Province, north of Maroansetra, near town of Marovonona, Antainambalana River' (Ref. 57663). Known from the Antainambalana River (Ref. 57663, 83427). 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis oligacanthus (Bleeker, 1868) Fr, Br endemic   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known only from the coasts of Madagascar, except the central western coast and Nosy-Be Island (Ref. 5686). Recorded from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236) and from Vondrozo region (Ref. 39915). Also Ref. 5686, 13333. 
Cichlidae Ptychochromis onilahy Stiassny & Sparks, 2006 Fr endemic  Boramany (Not specified), Kotro (Not specified)  8.58 cm SL male/unsexed  Type-locality of holotype of Ptychochromis onilahy: 'southwestern Madagascar, Province of Tulear, Onilahy River' (Ref. 57663). Known from the Onilahy River (Ref. 57663). 
Cichlidae Ptychochromoides betsileanus (Boulenger, 1899) Fr endemic  Trondo mainty (Malagasy) scarce (very unlikely) 24.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from an isolated stretch of the Ilanana River and the Vahifito river. Populations in the northern Itasy are almost certainly extinct. Also Ref. 5687, 13333, 39915. 
Cichlidae Ptychochromoides itasy Sparks, 2004 Fr endemic   12.32 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Itasy and highland environs in central Madagascar (Ref. 53256). Although reportedly once abundant in Lake Itasy, this species is now presumed to be extinct since this has not been collected from the lake or surrounding region in several decades (Ref. 53256).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Ptychochromoides vondrozo Sparks & Reinthal, 2001 Fr endemic  Fiandahy (Malagasy)   20.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Ptychochromoides vondrozo: 'Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Province: Region of Vondrozo, near village of Vevembe: Mananara drainage basin: Ramanara River, tributary of Sahampindra River' (Ref. 39915). Known from the upper Mananara du Sud River drainage, in the southeastern highlands of Madagascar (Ref. 39915).  No picture yet.
Eleotridae Ratsirakia legendrei (Pellegrin, 1919) Fr endemic   17.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 6802, 13333.  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Redigobius balteatus (Herre, 1935) Fr, Br native  Gobie drapeau (French)  3.80 cm SL male/unsexed   
Gobiidae Redigobius bikolanus (Herre, 1927) Fr native  Toho (Malagasy )  4.90 cm TL male/unsexed   
Bedotiidae Rheocles alaotrensis (Pellegrin, 1914) Fr endemic  Antsiriva (Malagasy), Katrana (Malagasy) abundant (always seen in some numbers) 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Alaotra (Ref. 39832, 56178), Maningory drainage (Ref. 39832, 56178), Rianila drainage (Ref. 39832, 56178), Mangoro River (Ref. 56178), and Betsiboka River (Ref. 56178). Also Ref. 4114, 13333. 
Bedotiidae Rheocles derhami Stiassny & Rodriguez, 2001 Fr endemic   5.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of holotype of Rheocles derhami: 'Madagascar: Ambomboa River (variant spelling, Amboaboa), a left bank tributary of the Mangarahara River, near the village of Bekitrobaka, 16-18 km west of Mandritsara, altitude 330 m' (Ref. 39832). Known from Mangarahara River (Ref. 39832, 56178) and Ambomboa River (Ref. 39832, 56178). Also Ref. 56151. 
Bedotiidae Rheocles lateralis Stiassny & Reinthal, 1992 Fr endemic  Zono ala (Malagasy)  4.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Nosivolo tributary, Marolambo region (Ref. 26236, 56178). Also Ref. 6376, 13333, 39832.  No picture yet.
Bedotiidae Rheocles pellegrini (Nichols & La Monte, 1931) Fr endemic   6.95 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the region near Andapa (Ref. 6376), probably in the upper reaches of the Antainambalana River (Ref. 56178). Also Ref. 4114, 13333, 39832.  No picture yet.
Bedotiidae Rheocles sikorae (Sauvage, 1891) Fr endemic  Sardine d'eau douce (French), Zono ala (Malagasy)  11.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Manambola River, Mangoro drainage (Ref. 39832, 56178). Also Ref. 4114, 13333.  No picture yet.
Bedotiidae Rheocles vatosoa Stiassny, Rodriguez & Loiselle, 2002 Fr endemic   7.92 cm SL male/unsexed  Collected at Marovato Creek at Ambodivohitra Village, several kilometers north of Marovato Village on the road to Ambalamangy, Antsiranana (Diego Suarez) Province (Lokoho Drainage, Andapa basin). Formerly abundant throughout the basin. However, replacement of aboriginal vegetation covering the floor of the Andapa basin with rice paddies restricted the species to streams that drain the slopes of the surrounding mountains which still retain a measure of forest cover. Ongoing deforestration and the presence of exotic Gambusia holbrooki and Channa cf. striata pose the principal threats to the long-term survival of R. vatosoa (Ref. 42716). 
Bedotiidae Rheocles wrightae Stiassny, 1990 Fr endemic  Zonobe (Malagasy)  8.31 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Manambola River (Ref. 6376, 39832) and Sandrangato River (Ref. 56178). Also Ref. 13333. 
Leuciscidae Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr not established   50.20 cm TL male/unsexed   
Ehiravidae Sauvagella madagascariensis (Sauvage, 1883) Fr, Br endemic  Madagascar round herring (English), Sprat de Madagascar (French), Vivari (Malagasy), Vilimena (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Vilivary (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Varilava (Malagasy, Sakalava), Vilivary (Malagasy, Sakalava)   6.62 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the syntypes of Spratelloides madagascariensis, more specifically the holotype of Sauvagella madagascariensis longianalis and the holotype of Sauvagella madagascariensis brevidorsalis: 'Madagascar' (Ref. 42522, 94656). Known from mid and lower reaches of eastern coastal drainages (Ref. 33664, 56151, 56161) and Pangalanes Canal network (Ref. 13296, 33664), from Manajary River in the south to Manamara River in the north (Ref. 33664), including Mangoro River (Ref. 26236), Lake Tampolo (Ref. 33664), Maningory River (Ref. 33664) and Lokoho River (Ref. 33664). More extensive sampling will no doubt extend that range (Ref. 33664). Also reported from Lake Kinkony (Ref. 13296), but its presence in the northwest of Madagascar is unconfirmed (Ref. 33664). Also Ref. 188, 3509, 9391, 13333, 43240, 94656, 117496, 117576. 
Ehiravidae Sauvagella robusta Stiassny, 2002 Fr endemic  Amboaboa round herring (English), Varilava (Malagasy)   4.71 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Sauvagella robusta: 'River Ambomboa, 16-18 km de Mandritsara, Madagascar' (Ref. 33664). Known from Lake Tseny (Ref. 121308) and Mangarahara River, Sofia River drainage (Ref. 33664). The apparently restricted distribution of this species combined with ongoing deforestation and erosional situation within the river basin will inevitably increase stress on the habitat rendering the species vulnerable to future decline (Ref. 33664). Also Ref. 117576. 
Scatophagidae Scatophagus tetracanthus (Lacepède, 1802) Fr, Br, M native  Hinta (Malagasy), Filaovanda (Malagasy, Sakalava), Hiata (Malagasy, Sakalava), Hintra (Malagasy, Sakalava)  30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 13333, 56151. 
Gobiidae Sicyopterus fasciatus (Day, 1874) Fr native  Ampilelabato (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Lelabato (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Pilelabato (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  15.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4343.  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Sicyopterus franouxi (Pellegrin, 1935) Fr endemic  Bisika (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  13.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Ankondro (Ref. 50838).  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas, 1770) Fr, Br native   13.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;10.65 cm SL female  Collected at the Manantenina River (Ref. 39866). Also Ref. 33390. 
Gobiidae Sicyopterus punctissimus Sparks & Nelson, 2004 Fr endemic   12.19 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, large unnamed cascading tributary of Ankavanana R., Masoala Peninsula (Ref. 54347).  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Sicyopus lord Keith, Marquet & Taillebois, 2011 Fr, Br, M endemic  Lord's Sicyopus (English), Sicyopus de Clara (French)   3.92 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.74 cm SL female  Type locality of the holotype of Sicyopus lord: 'Ambodiforaha River, altitude: 50 m' (Ref. 87905). Known from streams in northeastern Madagascar (Ref. 87905). 
Sillaginidae Sillago sihama (Fabricius, 1775) Fr, Br, M native  Amborody (Malagasy), Amboso (Malagasy), Ambotroka (Malagasy), Ambotso (Malagasy), Ambotsoka (Malagasy), Toholava (Malagasy), Amboso (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Toholava (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Amborody (Malagasy, Sakalava), Ambotso (Malagasy, Sakalava)  31.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 6205, 12484, 13333, 33390. 
Ehiravidae Spratellomorpha bianalis (Bertin, 1940) Fr, Br endemic  East African round herring (English)   4.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the lectotype of Sauvagella madagascariensis bianalis: 'Madagascar' (Ref. 94656; lectotype by Ref. 117496). Known from western and northwestern basins of Madagascar (Ref. 56151), particularly in Lake Kinkony and surrounding regions (Ref. 33664). Also Ref. 188, 3509, 13333, 117576, 118219, 121271. 
Gobiidae Stenogobius genivittatus (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr, Br native   18.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Gobiidae Stenogobius polyzona (Bleeker, 1867) Fr, Br native  Chinestripe goby (English), Cabot rayé (French), Cabot rayé (Creole, French), Ambisatra (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  15.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;6.60 cm SL female   
Gobiidae Taenioides gracilis (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr, Br native   30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4343. 
Tanichthyidae Tanichthys albonubes Lin, 1932 Fr introduced   4.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Atherinidae Teramulus kieneri Smith, 1965 Fr, Br endemic   5.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from brackish water near Toamasina (Ref. 56176). Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 6376, 13333, 39915, 56176. 
Atherinidae Teramulus waterloti (Pellegrin, 1932) Fr endemic  occasional (usually not seen) 3.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from Anjingo drainage (Ref. 56176). Also Ref. 4114, 13333. 
Terapontidae Terapon jarbua (Fabricius, 1775) Fr, Br, M native  Drihe sak (Malagasy), Antsarabaro (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Tsarabaro (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka), Drihy (Malagasy, Sakalava)  36.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the lower Mangoro river (Ref. 26236). Also Ref. 2847, 12484, 13333, 33390, 56151, 129076. 
Cichlidae Tilapia sparrmanii Smith, 1840 Fr introduced   23.50 cm TL male/unsexed   
Tincidae Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr not established   70.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Reintroduced in 1951. Species disappeared. 
Milyeringidae Typhleotris madagascariensis Petit, 1933 Fr endemic   8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the lectotype of Typhleotris madagascariensis: 'dans l'aven dit Mitoho, creusé dans la falaise calcaire du pays Mahafaly (sud-ouest du Madagascar; 1km environ au nord de la limite est de la réserve naturelle du lac Manampetsa)' (Ref. 94243; lectotype by Ref. 94244). Known from underground waters, south of Onilahy River (Ref. 6802). Its geographic range extends from wells near Ambilahilalika, located about midway between Soalara and Efoetse in the north, southward to Nikotsy sinkhole, located just to the north of Itampolo (Ref. 93144). Its presence just north of the Linta River has to be confirmed (Ref. 93144). Also Ref. 13333.  No picture yet.
Milyeringidae Typhleotris mararybe Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2012 Fr endemic   4.42 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Typhleotris mararybe: 'grotte de Vitane (Vitany), sinkhole near Itampolo, coastal plain below and to the west of Mahafaly Plateau, southwestern Madagascar' (Ref. 93144). Known only from Grotte de Vitane, a sinkhole near the town of Itampolo (Ref. 93144).  No picture yet.
Milyeringidae Typhleotris pauliani Arnoult, 1959 Fr endemic   7.09 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Typhleotris pauliani: 'la grotte d'Andranomaly, dans la région d'Andalambezo, près de Morombe (Ref. 94249). Known from caves and sinkholes to the north of the Onilahy River drainage (Ref. 6802, 93144). Probably it is also collected from caves inland and just south of Andavadoaka (Ref. 93144). Also Ref. 13333.  No picture yet.
Poeciliidae Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel, 1848 Fr introduced  Kibôta (Malagasy, Betsimisaraka)  14.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;16.00 cm TL female   
Poeciliidae Xiphophorus maculatus (Günther, 1866) Fr introduced   4.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm TL female   
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