Information obtained in late 1980s (A. Scott, pers. comm) indicated species reproduces in outdoor fish farm with little assistance. The first specimen of this species was captured on 1992 in River Gade. Origin of the specimen is unknown, but it probably was an escapee from a fish farm situated upstream on the river (Ref. 13736). Captures in River Gade in 2004 suggest continued reproduction in captivity (this is said to take place in ponds with little human assistance), with release or escape to the river. Introduced to a localized area in southeast England. Accidentally imported with goldfish. Has not established in aquaculture (43342). (Gordon Copp, pers. comm., Oct.18, 2006).