| Main Ref. | Myers, R.F., 1999 |
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| Remarks | Found in seagrass beds and sandy algal flats of lagoons and mangrove channels (Ref. 37816). Present in seagrass beds at all life stages (Ref. 41878). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; |
| Special habitats Ref. | Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002 |
| Ref. | |
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| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Nakamura, Y., M. Horinouchi, T. Nakai and M. Sano, 2003 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Nakamura, Y., M. Horinouchi, T. Nakai and M. Sano, 2003 |
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | |||||
| From individual food items | 3.39 | 0.54 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | |||||