Main Ref. | Fitch, J.E. and R.J. Lavenberg, 1971 |
---|---|
Remarks | Oceanic species which occurs near the surface (Ref. 2850). Feeds on cephalopods, fish and invertebrates (Ref. 4563). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Fitch, J.E. and R.J. Lavenberg, 1971 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Watanabe, H., T. Kubodera and S. Kawahara, 2006 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.40 | 0.32 | 4.19 | 0.43 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.84 | 0.59 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Watanabe, H., T. Kubodera and S. Kawahara, 2006 |