| Family: |
Haemulidae (Grunts), subfamily: Haemulinae |
| Max. size: |
41.5 cm TL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 850.0 g |
| Environment: |
demersal; brackish; marine; depth range 1 - 70 m |
| Distribution: |
Western Atlantic: Honduras to Brazil. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal spines (total): 12-12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-14; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 10-10. Mouth small and moderately oblique, the maxilla not reaching posterior to front edge of eye; grayish brown with violet hues on the back, silvery on the sides, with many small brown-orange spots on head, upper half of body and dorsal fin (Ref. 13442). |
| Biology: |
Occurs in coastal waters, over sand, rock or mud bottoms (Ref. 13608). Juveniles found near the shore, associated with Thalassia beds (Ref. 9626). Also found in brackish water (Ref. 3798). Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks, polychaete worms, fishes, and other invertebrates (Ref. 9626). Well appreciated as a food fish; marketed fresh and salted (Ref. 5217). |
| IUCN Red List Status: |
Least Concern (LC); Date assessed: 29 March 2011 Ref. (130435)
|
| Threat to humans: |
harmless |
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