|
Bartley, D.M. (comp./ed.) 2006
|
| Colombia |
| America, South - Inland waters |
| Brazil |
|
America, South - Inland waters |
| 1979 |
| - |
| 1975-1999 |
| established, natural reproduction |
| - widely used |
natural reproduction |
| unknown - no data |
| some - beneficial |
| unknown |
|
aquaculture |
|
|
| From an essentially family subsistence activity in 1980 it became a profitable business in 1987. Recorded from the Ciénaga de Santa Marta (10°43'-11°00'N and 74°16'-74°35'W), Magdalena river. Fluctuations in environmental variables (salinity, pH, and river discharge) impact variation in abundance of the species at different times (Ref. 78646).
Ref:
Leal-Flórez, J., M. Rueda and M. Wolff, 2008
|