| 主要参考文献 | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
| 模态 | dioecism |
| 受精 | external |
| Mating type | |
| 产卵频度 | once in a lifetime |
| Spawning aggregation | 参考文献 |
| 批次产卵者 | Yes. 参考文献 Drake, A. and L. Wilson, 1991 |
| 生殖同功群 |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
| Parental Care | none |
| 生命周期与交配行为的描述 | The spawning run from the sea to freshwater streams begins when river temperature rises to about 4.4° but the fish stop running if temperature exceeds 7.8°C. Males predominate the early part of the run, but their numbers are equalled or exceeded by females later (Ref. 10276, 11699). Adults usually die after spawning but some move back to the sea and return to spawn a second time (Ref. 1998). Upon hatching, larvae are found near the bottom and are soon carried downstream to salt water and eventually found in the scattering layer of coastal waters (Ref. 27547). |
| 搜寻有关繁殖更多的参考资料 | Scirus |