| Main Ref. | Shinomiya, A. and O. Ezaki, 1991 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | internal (oviduct) |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. |
| Reproductive guild |
bearers internal live bearers |
| Parental Care | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Males established territories ranging from 12 to 70 sq. m; initiated courtship when females approached the territories; lateral display, rushing and turning movements were frequently observed during courtship. Mating pair formed about 30 min before copulation; the pair ascended to 1.5-2.0 m above bottom then males suddenly coiled around the body of females to copulate. |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |